Ch.11 Nutrition And Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

A healthy pregnancy has often been defined by what?

A

The birth weight of the newborn

3500 to 4500 g

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2
Q

What two key factors predict infant birth weight?

A

Maternal preconception weight

Wait gain during pregnancy

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3
Q

Maternal nutrition is critically important for who?

A

For the mother and the newborn

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4
Q

What determine the nutritional requirements of the woman during her pregnancy?

A

Age
Gravida (number of pregnancys)
Parity (number of times she has given birth)

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5
Q

What are the three distinct biologic entities involved during pregnancy?

A

Woman, the fetus, the placenta

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6
Q

Calories must be sufficient to perform the following two functions of pregnancy?

A

Supply maternal fat storage, supply energy and nutrients to the fetus for optimal newborn size and survival

To spare protein for tissue building

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7
Q

How many additional calories are needed per day during the second trimester?

A

340 additional calories

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8
Q

How many additional calories do you need during the third trimester of pregnancy?

A

452 cal

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9
Q

Famine a.k.a. shortage of calories during pregnancy results in what?

A

Fetus abnormalities, low birth weight, and infant mortality (death before they turn 1)

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10
Q

How many grams of protein is needed a day for pregnancy?

A

71 g a day

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11
Q

More protein during pregnancy is needed when?

A

Rapid fetal growth

Enlargement of the uterus

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12
Q

Types of protein should you eat during pregnancy?

A

Milk, eggs, cheese, meat

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13
Q

How many grams of linolenic and alpha-linolenic acids are needed a day for pregnancy?

A

13 g a day

1.4g a day

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14
Q

What is DHA important for?

A

Visual and cognitive development

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15
Q

What is EPA important for?

A

Blood vessel dial ati on, blood clotting, reducing inflammation

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16
Q

Recommended DHA plus EPA intake is how many milligrams a day?

A

500mg

17
Q

How many carbohydrates do you need a day during pregnancy question

A

175

18
Q

Why are low carbohydrate diet is not recommended during pregnancy?

A

They do not supply the minimum glucose load required

19
Q

Percent of proteins, fats, carbohydrates should you intake during pregnancy?

A

15% of protein
30% of fat
55% of carbohydrates

20
Q

How much calcium do you need per day when you’re pregnant?

A

1000 mg which is the same for non-pregnant people

21
Q

What is an important factor in the blood clotting mechanism during pregnancy? Also for your teeth

A

Calcium

22
Q

How much iodine do you need during pregnancy and what is it for?

When Do you need it most?

A

70 ug
Vital for thyroid hormone synthesis

Critical in the first half of pregnancy

23
Q

How much iron do you need per day during pregnancy

It reduces the risk of what?

A

27mg

Uses the risks of preterm delivery or low birth weight

24
Q

How much zinc does one pregnant person need a day ?

essential for what?

A

8 to 11 mg

Growth and development

25
Q

How much vitamin A does a pregnant person need a day

What is it essential for?

A

770 ug

It is essential factor in cell differentiation, Organ formation,strong epithelial tissue, normal bone growth, tooth formation

26
Q

How much folate does a pregnant woman need a day

What does it do?

A

600 ug

500 ug during lactating

Well look acid decrease risk of neural tube defect’s

27
Q

What happens when there is a choline deficiency?

A

It may cause neural tube defect

28
Q

Much vitamin C does a pregnant woman need a day

What does it do

A

85mg

Essential to form developing connective tissue and vascular systems

29
Q

How much vitamin D does a pregnant lady need a day

Does it do

A

15 Ug

Used to promote the absorption and use of calcium and phosphorus

30
Q

Three types of dietary patterns predict failure to support optimum maternal and fetal nutrition

A

Insufficient food intake
Poor food selection
Poor food distribution throughout the day

31
Q

What special needs requires sensitive counseling?

A

Their age, how many pregnancies the woman has had, use of harmful substance abuse such as alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, Socio economic problems

32
Q

Someone who is 15 years of age or younger who is pregnant

A

Nulligravida

33
Q

Somebody who is older than 35 years old with their first pregnancy

A

Primigravida

34
Q

This is the craving and consumption of an unusual non-food substance such as laundry detergent, Clay, dirt, ice

A

Pica

35
Q

How much caffeine should a pregnant person have a day

A

under 300 mg a day