Ch.11 Nutrition And Pregnancy Flashcards
A healthy pregnancy has often been defined by what?
The birth weight of the newborn
3500 to 4500 g
What two key factors predict infant birth weight?
Maternal preconception weight
Wait gain during pregnancy
Maternal nutrition is critically important for who?
For the mother and the newborn
What determine the nutritional requirements of the woman during her pregnancy?
Age
Gravida (number of pregnancys)
Parity (number of times she has given birth)
What are the three distinct biologic entities involved during pregnancy?
Woman, the fetus, the placenta
Calories must be sufficient to perform the following two functions of pregnancy?
Supply maternal fat storage, supply energy and nutrients to the fetus for optimal newborn size and survival
To spare protein for tissue building
How many additional calories are needed per day during the second trimester?
340 additional calories
How many additional calories do you need during the third trimester of pregnancy?
452 cal
Famine a.k.a. shortage of calories during pregnancy results in what?
Fetus abnormalities, low birth weight, and infant mortality (death before they turn 1)
How many grams of protein is needed a day for pregnancy?
71 g a day
More protein during pregnancy is needed when?
Rapid fetal growth
Enlargement of the uterus
Types of protein should you eat during pregnancy?
Milk, eggs, cheese, meat
How many grams of linolenic and alpha-linolenic acids are needed a day for pregnancy?
13 g a day
1.4g a day
What is DHA important for?
Visual and cognitive development
What is EPA important for?
Blood vessel dial ati on, blood clotting, reducing inflammation