Ch.10 Language

Question 1

Representativeness heuristic

Answer 1

Stimuli similar to a prototype are beloved to be more likely than dissimilar stimuli

Question 2

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 2

Ability to think logically using specific knowledge

Question 3

Cognition

Answer 3

Internal mental processes including information processing, thinking, reasoning and problem solving

Question 4

Availability heuristic

Answer 4

Frequency of an events occurrence is predicted by the ease with which it is thought of

Question 5

Heuristic

Answer 5

Shortcut to problem solving, also know as a rule of thumb

Question 6

Recognition heuristic

Answer 6

Higher value is place do. The more easily recognized alternative

Question 7

Affect heuristic

Answer 7

Choice between alternatives based on emotional or gut reactions to stimuli

Question 8

Concept

Answer 8

Organizing principle derived from experience

Question 9

Prototype

Answer 9

Representation of a category formed by averaging all members of the category

Question 10

Problem

Answer 10

Situation where a current state is separated from an ideal state by obstacles

Question 11

Exemplar

Answer 11

Specific member of a category used to represent the category

Question 12

Functional fixedness

Answer 12

Possible barrier to successful problem solving cuz the concept is considered only in its most typical form

Question 13

Problem solving

Answer 13

Use of information to meet a specific goal

Question 14

Algorithm

Answer 14

Precise step by step set of rules that will reliably generate a solution to a problem

Question 15

Language

Answer 15

System for communicating thoughts and feelings using arbitrary signals

Question 16

Phoneme

Answer 16

Speech sound

Question 17

Morpheme

Answer 17

Smallest component of speech that Carries meaning

Question 18

Aphasia

Answer 18

Loss of the ability to speak or understand language

Question 19

Bilingual

Answer 19

Proficient in two languages

Question 20

Intelligence

Answer 20

Ability to understand complex ideas, adapt effectively, learn from experience, reason, and overcome obstacles

Question 21

Intelligence quotient IQ

Answer 21

Measure of individual abilities relative to a statistically normal curve

Question 22

General intelligence G

Answer 22

Measure of an individuals overall abilities as opposed to specific abilities

Question 23

Fluid intelligence

Answer 23

Ability to to think logically without the need to use learned knowledge

Question 24

Giftedness

Answer 24

Extreme of intelligence defined as having an IQ score of 130 or above

Question 25

Intellectual disability

Answer 25

Condition diagnosed in individuals with IQ scores below 70 and poor adaptive behaviours