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med term: second half > Ch10: female reproductive system > Flashcards

Ch10: female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

afterbirth

A

placenta and membranes that are expelled from the uterus after birth

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2
Q

amnion

A

innermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

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3
Q

amniotic fluid

A

fluid surrounding the fetus and held by the amnion

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4
Q

areola

A

darkish area surrounding the nipple on a breast

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5
Q

Bartholin’s gland

A

one of 2 glands on either side of the vagina that secrete fluid into the vagina

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6
Q

body

A

middle portion of the uterus

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7
Q

cervix

A

protective part of uterus, located at the bottom and protruding through the vaginal wall; contains glands that secrete fluid into the vagina

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8
Q

chorion

A

outermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

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9
Q

climacteric

A

period of time leading up to menopause (symptom complex); symptoms are hot flashes, night sweats, due to decreasing estrogen levels

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10
Q

clitoris

A

primary organ of female sexual stimulation, located at the top of the labia minora

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11
Q

coitus

A

sexual intercourse

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12
Q

contraception

A

method of controlling conception by blocking access or interrupting reproductive cycles; birth control

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13
Q

copulation

A

sexual intercourse

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14
Q

corpus luteum

A

structure formed after the graafian follicle fills with a yellow substance that secretes estrogen and progesterone

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15
Q

diaphragm

A

contraceptive device that covers the cervix and blocks sperm from entering; used in conjunction with spermicide

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16
Q

endometrium

A

inner mucous layer of the uterus

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17
Q

estrogen

A

one of the primary female hormones produced by the ovaries

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18
Q

fallopian tube

A

one of the 2 tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus; uterine tube

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19
Q

fimbriae

A

hairlike ends of the uterine tubes that sweep the ovun into the uterus

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20
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

hormone necessary for maturation of oocytes and ovulation

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21
Q

foreskin

A

fold of skin at the top of the labia minora

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22
Q

fundus

A

top portion of the uterus

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23
Q

gamete

A

sex cell

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24
Q

gestation

A

period of fetal development in the uterus; usually about 40 weeks

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25
Q

gonad

A

male or female sex organ

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26
Q

graafian follicle

A

follicle in the ovary that holds an oocyte during development and then releases it

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27
Q

gravida

A

pregnant woman

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28
Q

hormone

A

chemical secretion from glands such as the ovaries

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29
Q

hymen

A

fold of mucous membranes covering the vagina of a young female; usually ruptures during first intercourse

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30
Q

intrauterine device (IUD)

A

contraceptive device consisting of a coil placed in the uterus to block implantation of a fertilized ovum

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31
Q

introitus

A

external opening or entrance to a hollow organ, such as a vagina

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32
Q

isthmus

A

narrow region at the bottom of the uterus opening into the cervix

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33
Q

labia majora

A

two folds of skin that form the borders of the vulva

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34
Q

labia minora

A

two folds of skin between the labia majora

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35
Q

lactiferous

A

producing milk

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36
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

hormone essential to ovulation

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37
Q

mammary glands

A

glandular tissue that forms the breasts, which respond to cycles of menstruation and birth

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38
Q

menarche

A

first menstruation

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39
Q

menopause

A

time when menstruation ceases; usually between ages 45 and 55

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40
Q

menstruation

A

cyclical release of uterine lining through the vagina; usually every 28 days

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41
Q

mons pubis

A

mound of soft tissue in the external genitalia covered by pubic hair after puberty

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42
Q

myometrium

A

middle layer of muscle tissue of the uterus

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43
Q

nipple

A

projection at the apex of the breast through which milk flows during lactation

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44
Q

oocyte

A

immature ovum produced in the gonads

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45
Q

ovary

A

one of 2 glands that produce ova

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46
Q

ovulation

A

release of an ovum (or rarely, more than one ovum) as part of a monthly cycle that leads to fertilization or menstruation

47
Q

ovum

A

mature female sex cell produced by the ovaries, which then travels to the uterus. If fertilized, it implants in the uterus; if not, it is released during menstruation to the outside of the body

48
Q

para

A

woman who has given birth to one or more viable infants

49
Q

parturition

A

birth

50
Q

perimenopause

A

3-5 year period of decreasing estrogen levels prior to menopause

51
Q

perimetrium

A

outer layer of the uterus

52
Q

perineum

A

space between the labia majora and the anus

53
Q

placenta

A

nutrient-rich organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy; supplies nutrients to the fetus

54
Q

progesterone

A

one of the primary female hormones

55
Q

puberty

A

preteen or early teen period when secondary sex characteristics develop and menstruation begins

56
Q

sinus

A

space between the lactiferous ducts and the nipple

57
Q

spermicide

A

contraceptive chemical that destroys sperm; usually in cream or jelly form

58
Q

sponge

A

polyurethane contraceptive device filled with spermicide and placed in the vagina near the cervix

59
Q

umbilical cord

A

cord that connects the placenta in the mother’s uterus to the navel of the fetus during gestation for nourishment of the fetus

60
Q

uterine tube

A

one of 2 tubes through which ova travel from an ovary to the uterus

61
Q

uterus

A

female reproductive organ; site of implantation after fertilization or release of the lining during menstruation

62
Q

vagina

A

genital canal leading from the uterus to the vulva

63
Q

vulva

A

external female genitalia

64
Q

abortion

A

premature ending of a pregnancy

65
Q

abruptio placentae

A

breaking away of the placenta from the uterine wall

66
Q

amenorrhea

A

lack of menstruation

67
Q

anovulation

A

lack of ovulation

68
Q

anteflexion

A

bending forward, as of the uterus

69
Q

carcinoma in situ

A

localized malignancy that has not spread

70
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

71
Q

chlamydia

A

sexually transmitted bacterial infection affecting various parts of the male of female reproductive systems; the bacterial agent itself

72
Q

condyloma

A

growth on the external genitalia

73
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstruation

74
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful sexual intercourse due to any of various conditions, such as cysts, infection, or dryness, in the vagina

75
Q

endometriosis

A

abnormal condition in which uterine wall tissue is found in the pelvis or on the abdominal wall

76
Q

fibroid

A

benign tumor commonly found in the uterus

77
Q

gonorrhea

A

sexually transmitted inflammation of the genital membranes

78
Q

Kegel exercises

A

exercises to strengthen perineal muscles

79
Q

leukorrhea

A

abnormal vaginal discharge; usually whitish

80
Q

mastitis

A

inflammation of the breast

81
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

irregular or excessive bleeding between or during menstruation

82
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive menstrual bleeding

83
Q

metrorrhagia

A

uterine bleeding between menstrual periods

84
Q

miscarriage

A

spontaneous, premature ending of a pregnancy

85
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

irregular ovulation

86
Q

placenta previa

A

placement of the placenta so it blocks the birth canal

87
Q

preeclampsia

A

toxic infection during pregnancy

88
Q

retroflexion

A

bending backward of the uterus

89
Q

retroversion

A

backward turn of the uterus

90
Q

salpingitis

A

inflammation of the fallopian tubes

91
Q

syphilis

A

sexually transmitted infection

92
Q

vaginitis

A

inflammation of the vagina

93
Q

amniocentesis

A

removal of a sample of amniotic fluid through a needle injected in the amniotic sac

94
Q

aspiration

A

biopsy in which fluid is withdrawn through a needle by suction

95
Q

cauterization

A

removal or destruction of tissue using chemicals or devices such as laser-guided equipment

96
Q

conization

A

removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix for examination

97
Q

cryosurgery

A

removal or destruction of tissue using cold temperatures

98
Q

culdocentesis

A

taking of a fluid sample from the base of the pelvic cavity to see if an ectopic pregnancy has ruptured

99
Q

hysterectomy

A

removal of the uterus

100
Q

laparoscopy

A

use of a lighted tubular instrument inserted through a woman’s navel to perform a tubal ligation or to examine the fallopian tubes

101
Q

lumpectomy

A

removal of a breast tumor

102
Q

mammoplasty

A

plastic surgery to reconstruct the breast, particularly after a mastectomy

103
Q

mastectomy

A

removal of a breast

104
Q

mastopexy

A

surgical procedure to attach sagging breasts in a more normal position

105
Q

myomectomy

A

removal of fibroids from the uterus

106
Q

oophorectomy

A

removal of an ovary

107
Q

salpingectomy

A

removal of a fallopian tube

108
Q

salpingotomy

A

incision into the fallopian tubes

109
Q

abortifacient

A

medication to prevent implantation of an ovum

110
Q

birth control pills or implants

A

medication that controls the flow of hormones to block ovulation

111
Q

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

A

treatment with hormones when the body stops or decreases the production of hormones by itself

112
Q

morning-after pill

A

abortifacient

113
Q

oxytocin

A

hormone given to induce labor

114
Q

tocolytic agent

A

hormone given to stop labor

med term: second half (15 decks)

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