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med term: second half > Ch10: female reproductive system > Flashcards

Ch10: female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

afterbirth

A

placenta and membranes that are expelled from the uterus after birth

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2
Q

amnion

A

innermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

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3
Q

amniotic fluid

A

fluid surrounding the fetus and held by the amnion

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4
Q

areola

A

darkish area surrounding the nipple on a breast

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5
Q

Bartholin’s gland

A

one of 2 glands on either side of the vagina that secrete fluid into the vagina

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6
Q

body

A

middle portion of the uterus

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7
Q

cervix

A

protective part of uterus, located at the bottom and protruding through the vaginal wall; contains glands that secrete fluid into the vagina

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8
Q

chorion

A

outermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation

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9
Q

climacteric

A

period of time leading up to menopause (symptom complex); symptoms are hot flashes, night sweats, due to decreasing estrogen levels

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10
Q

clitoris

A

primary organ of female sexual stimulation, located at the top of the labia minora

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11
Q

coitus

A

sexual intercourse

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12
Q

contraception

A

method of controlling conception by blocking access or interrupting reproductive cycles; birth control

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13
Q

copulation

A

sexual intercourse

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14
Q

corpus luteum

A

structure formed after the graafian follicle fills with a yellow substance that secretes estrogen and progesterone

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15
Q

diaphragm

A

contraceptive device that covers the cervix and blocks sperm from entering; used in conjunction with spermicide

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16
Q

endometrium

A

inner mucous layer of the uterus

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17
Q

estrogen

A

one of the primary female hormones produced by the ovaries

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18
Q

fallopian tube

A

one of the 2 tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus; uterine tube

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19
Q

fimbriae

A

hairlike ends of the uterine tubes that sweep the ovun into the uterus

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20
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

hormone necessary for maturation of oocytes and ovulation

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21
Q

foreskin

A

fold of skin at the top of the labia minora

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22
Q

fundus

A

top portion of the uterus

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23
Q

gamete

A

sex cell

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24
Q

gestation

A

period of fetal development in the uterus; usually about 40 weeks

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25
gonad
male or female sex organ
26
graafian follicle
follicle in the ovary that holds an oocyte during development and then releases it
27
gravida
pregnant woman
28
hormone
chemical secretion from glands such as the ovaries
29
hymen
fold of mucous membranes covering the vagina of a young female; usually ruptures during first intercourse
30
intrauterine device (IUD)
contraceptive device consisting of a coil placed in the uterus to block implantation of a fertilized ovum
31
introitus
external opening or entrance to a hollow organ, such as a vagina
32
isthmus
narrow region at the bottom of the uterus opening into the cervix
33
labia majora
two folds of skin that form the borders of the vulva
34
labia minora
two folds of skin between the labia majora
35
lactiferous
producing milk
36
luteinizing hormone (LH)
hormone essential to ovulation
37
mammary glands
glandular tissue that forms the breasts, which respond to cycles of menstruation and birth
38
menarche
first menstruation
39
menopause
time when menstruation ceases; usually between ages 45 and 55
40
menstruation
cyclical release of uterine lining through the vagina; usually every 28 days
41
mons pubis
mound of soft tissue in the external genitalia covered by pubic hair after puberty
42
myometrium
middle layer of muscle tissue of the uterus
43
nipple
projection at the apex of the breast through which milk flows during lactation
44
oocyte
immature ovum produced in the gonads
45
ovary
one of 2 glands that produce ova
46
ovulation
release of an ovum (or rarely, more than one ovum) as part of a monthly cycle that leads to fertilization or menstruation
47
ovum
mature female sex cell produced by the ovaries, which then travels to the uterus. If fertilized, it implants in the uterus; if not, it is released during menstruation to the outside of the body
48
para
woman who has given birth to one or more viable infants
49
parturition
birth
50
perimenopause
3-5 year period of decreasing estrogen levels prior to menopause
51
perimetrium
outer layer of the uterus
52
perineum
space between the labia majora and the anus
53
placenta
nutrient-rich organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy; supplies nutrients to the fetus
54
progesterone
one of the primary female hormones
55
puberty
preteen or early teen period when secondary sex characteristics develop and menstruation begins
56
sinus
space between the lactiferous ducts and the nipple
57
spermicide
contraceptive chemical that destroys sperm; usually in cream or jelly form
58
sponge
polyurethane contraceptive device filled with spermicide and placed in the vagina near the cervix
59
umbilical cord
cord that connects the placenta in the mother's uterus to the navel of the fetus during gestation for nourishment of the fetus
60
uterine tube
one of 2 tubes through which ova travel from an ovary to the uterus
61
uterus
female reproductive organ; site of implantation after fertilization or release of the lining during menstruation
62
vagina
genital canal leading from the uterus to the vulva
63
vulva
external female genitalia
64
abortion
premature ending of a pregnancy
65
abruptio placentae
breaking away of the placenta from the uterine wall
66
amenorrhea
lack of menstruation
67
anovulation
lack of ovulation
68
anteflexion
bending forward, as of the uterus
69
carcinoma in situ
localized malignancy that has not spread
70
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix
71
chlamydia
sexually transmitted bacterial infection affecting various parts of the male of female reproductive systems; the bacterial agent itself
72
condyloma
growth on the external genitalia
73
dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
74
dyspareunia
painful sexual intercourse due to any of various conditions, such as cysts, infection, or dryness, in the vagina
75
endometriosis
abnormal condition in which uterine wall tissue is found in the pelvis or on the abdominal wall
76
fibroid
benign tumor commonly found in the uterus
77
gonorrhea
sexually transmitted inflammation of the genital membranes
78
Kegel exercises
exercises to strengthen perineal muscles
79
leukorrhea
abnormal vaginal discharge; usually whitish
80
mastitis
inflammation of the breast
81
menometrorrhagia
irregular or excessive bleeding between or during menstruation
82
menorrhagia
excessive menstrual bleeding
83
metrorrhagia
uterine bleeding between menstrual periods
84
miscarriage
spontaneous, premature ending of a pregnancy
85
oligomenorrhea
irregular ovulation
86
placenta previa
placement of the placenta so it blocks the birth canal
87
preeclampsia
toxic infection during pregnancy
88
retroflexion
bending backward of the uterus
89
retroversion
backward turn of the uterus
90
salpingitis
inflammation of the fallopian tubes
91
syphilis
sexually transmitted infection
92
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
93
amniocentesis
removal of a sample of amniotic fluid through a needle injected in the amniotic sac
94
aspiration
biopsy in which fluid is withdrawn through a needle by suction
95
cauterization
removal or destruction of tissue using chemicals or devices such as laser-guided equipment
96
conization
removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix for examination
97
cryosurgery
removal or destruction of tissue using cold temperatures
98
culdocentesis
taking of a fluid sample from the base of the pelvic cavity to see if an ectopic pregnancy has ruptured
99
hysterectomy
removal of the uterus
100
laparoscopy
use of a lighted tubular instrument inserted through a woman's navel to perform a tubal ligation or to examine the fallopian tubes
101
lumpectomy
removal of a breast tumor
102
mammoplasty
plastic surgery to reconstruct the breast, particularly after a mastectomy
103
mastectomy
removal of a breast
104
mastopexy
surgical procedure to attach sagging breasts in a more normal position
105
myomectomy
removal of fibroids from the uterus
106
oophorectomy
removal of an ovary
107
salpingectomy
removal of a fallopian tube
108
salpingotomy
incision into the fallopian tubes
109
abortifacient
medication to prevent implantation of an ovum
110
birth control pills or implants
medication that controls the flow of hormones to block ovulation
111
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
treatment with hormones when the body stops or decreases the production of hormones by itself
112
morning-after pill
abortifacient
113
oxytocin
hormone given to induce labor
114
tocolytic agent
hormone given to stop labor

med term: second half (15 decks)

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