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Building Construction > Ch.10 > Flashcards

Ch.10 Flashcards

1
Q

__________ is the hardened form of cement produced from Portland cement, coarse and fine aggregates and water ?

A

Concrete

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2
Q

____________ make up a large percentage of the total volume of concrete?

A

Aggregates

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3
Q

__________ can help tailor a batch of concrete for specific functions ?

A

Admixtures

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4
Q

Admixture that reduces the density of the concrete?

A

Shake or clinker

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5
Q

Admixture that produces a mixture that flows more freely , makes concrete workable , pliable and soft while using relatively little water?

A

Superplasticizers

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6
Q

Like masonry , concrete is strong in compression but weaker in tension , the ultimate compressive strength can range from ______. To ______psi?

A

2500 to 6000 psi

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7
Q

_______________ includes components added to the concrete before it hardens to resist tensile forces?

A

Reinforced concrete

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8
Q

_____________ uses steel bars placed in the framework , and wet concrete is placed in the framework around the bars?

A

Ordinary reinforcing

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9
Q

The most commonly used size of rebar is _____?

A

5 (0.625inches)

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10
Q

Vertical reinforcing bars are known as _________ and are provided to resist the diagonal tension ?

A

Stirrups

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11
Q

The technique of ___________ is a more efficient use of concrete than ordinary reinforcing?

A

Prestressing

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12
Q

Two common methods of prestressing concrete are ?

A

Pretensioning
Post tensioning

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13
Q

____________________ uses steel strands (cables) stretched between anchors producing a tensile force in the steel?

A

Pretensioned reinforced concrete

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14
Q

________________ uses reinforcing steel cables that are not tensioned until after the concrete has hardened to a certain strength?

A

Post tensioned reinforcement concrete

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15
Q

_________ is placed in forms and cured at a plant away from the job site?

A

Precast concrete

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16
Q

_____________ is placed into forms at the building site as a wet mass and hardens in prepared forms ?

A

Cast in place concrete

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17
Q

The systems use reinforcing cable and rods made of high strength steels that can yield at temperatures as low as _____ ?

A

752 degrees F

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18
Q

Reinforcing strands are placed in a form work and covered with ________ or __________ to prevent binding with the concrete?

A

Grease or plastic tubing

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19
Q

Theoretically ,properly cured concrete continues to harden indefinitely at a gradual rate , normal design strength is reached after _____ days?

A

28 days

20
Q

The single most important factor in determining the ultimate strength of concrete is the ______________?

A

Water to cement ratio

21
Q

Hardening of concrete involves a chemical process known as _____________ , in which water combines with the particles of cement to form a microscopic gel?

A

Hydration

22
Q

During the hardening of concrete , heat is given off by the chemical process?

A

Heat of hydration

23
Q

The _______ curing of concrete produces a stronger concrete?

A

Moist

24
Q

Concrete in the process of curing must be maintained at the correct temperature, ideally between ___ and ___ degrees ?

A

50 to 70 degrees F

25
Q

The _________ uses a standard sized cone shaped mold and sample of wet concrete?

A

Slump test

26
Q

__________ testing is a separate test that uses a small test cylinders of a concrete batch to determine the compression strength of that batch?

A

Compression

27
Q

Concrete structural systems can have fire resistance rating from __ to __ hours ?

A

1-4 hours

28
Q

________________ concrete has a lower density than ordinary concrete and has a lower thermal conductivity, and therefor acts as a better insulator against the heat of a fire than ordinary concrete of comparable thickness?

A

Structural lightweight

29
Q

Construction technique using concrete slabs supported by concrete columns ?

A

Flat slab concrete frame

30
Q

Plain floor slab about 8 inches thick that rests on columns spaced up to 22 feet apart and depends on diagonal and orthogonal patterns of reinforcing bars for structural support because the slab lacks beams?

A

Flat plate

31
Q

Because concrete has relatively good insulating properties, it tends to retain the heat of an exposing fire and release it slowly , in an effect referred to as the ?

A

Heat sink effect

32
Q

The ____________ is a simple system that consists of a concrete slab with concrete columns for support , the slab of concrete ranges in thickness from 6 to 12 inches ?

A

Flat slab concrete frame

33
Q

In a building that will support heavy live loads , the area around the columns is reinforced with additional concrete in the form of ____________ or __________?

A

Drop panels or mushroom capitols

34
Q

If the building will support light loads , this additional reinforcing is not necessary, the system is then known as a _____________?

A

Flat plate

35
Q

A _____________ consists of a concrete slab supported by concrete beams, this framing system is extremely lightweight and is best suited for buildings with light floor loads ?

A

Slab and beam frame

36
Q

Slabs in slab and beam framing construction can be as thin as __ inches ?

A

2 inches

37
Q

Slab and beam framing is sometimes referred to as _________________ construction?

A

Concrete joist construction

38
Q

________________ construction is known as waffle construction because of the waffle like pattern of the bottom of the concrete slab?

A

Two way slab

39
Q

This design provides a thicker slab while eliminating the weight of unnecessary concrete in the bottom half of the slab?

A

Waffle construction

40
Q

Waffle construction is used where spans are _____ and floor loadings are _____?

A

Short and high

41
Q

Precasting concrete became a common practice after ________?

A

World War II

42
Q

A major disadvantage to using __________ is the need to transport the finished components to the job site?

A

Pre cast concrete

43
Q

Pre cast concrete solid slabs are used for short spans up to approximately ____ feet while the Tee slabs can be used for spans up to ____ feet?

A

30 feet
120 feet

44
Q

___________ is a common form of construction used with precast concrete ?

A

Tilt up construction

45
Q

________ walls can be several stories in height?

A

Tilt up

46
Q

A variety of techniques, such as ________,________ and ______________ can be used to connect precast structural components to each other?

A

Bolting
Welding
Posttensioning

47
Q

Supports for precast beams may include __________ cast into the columns ?

A

Corbels (brackets)

Building Construction (14 decks)

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