Ch.1 based on slides! Flashcards
Define Physiology
the study of the functions of the body
Compare a Mechanistic and Teleological approach
A mechanistic approach emphasizes the mechanisms of action or How a system works while a teleological approach explains why or the purpose of the system
List the levels of life organization from smallest to largest
Molecular/Chemical, Cells, Tissues, Organs (specific task), Organ system, and Organism
What are a cell/organism’s functions?
Nutrients, Energy Conversion, Waste elimination, Synthesis/Growth, Reproduction, Responsiveness, Exchange of material + moving substances within the cell
Define Homeostasis
Maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment. BALANCE of internal environment!!
What factors must be homeostatically maintained!!
temperature, pH, volume + pressure, concentration of nutrient molecules, oxygen and carbon dioxide, waste, water, salt, and other electrolytes
What are the major body systems?
Circulatory, Nervous, Immune, Endocrine, Reproductive, Integumentary, Skeletal, Urinary, Respiratory, Digestive Muscular
How is homeostasis maintained?
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
Define Negative Feedback
when a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that opposes the change, driving the variable in the opposite direction of the initial change
Define Positive Feedback
moves the controlled variable farther away from the set point= not good majority of the time (oxytocin-uterine contractions = birth baby)
Which of the following is NOT a type of connective tissue?
A) Bone
B) Blood
C) The Spinal Cord
D) The tissue that attaches epithelial tissues to underlying structures
Define Sensor
MONITORER monitors the magnitude of the controlled variable
Define Set Point
the Desired (homeostatic) magnitude of the controlled variable
Define Integrator
In control of comparing the sensor’s reading with the set point value
Define Effector
Brings the response to bring the controlled variable back to its set point value
