CH01 - SUMMARY Flashcards
the study of the structures of the body.
Anatomy
the study of the body by organ systems
Systemic anatomy
Regional anatomy
the study of the body by areas.
uses superficial structures to locate deeper structures
Surface anatomy
is a noninvasive method for
examining deep structures.
anatomical imaging
the study of the processes and functions of the body
Physiology
The human body can be organized into six levels:
chemical,
cell,
tissue,
organ,
organ system,
organism.
The 11 organ systems
integumentary,
skeletal,
muscular,
nervous,
endocrine,
cardiovascular,
lymphatic,
respiratory,
digestive,
urinary,
reproductive systems
The 6 characteristics of life:
organization,
metabolism,
responsiveness,
growth,
development,
reproduction.
the condition in which body functions, body fluids, and other factors of the internal environment are maintained within a range of values suitable to support life.
Homeostasis
mechanisms that maintain homeostasis
Negative-feedback
mechanisms that make deviations from normal even greater.
Positive-feedback
A human standing erect with the face directed forward, the arms
hanging to the sides, and the palms facing forward is in the ___________
anatomical position.
A face-upward position
supine
face-downward position
prone
always refer to the anatomical position, regardless of the body’s actual position
Directional terms
The body can be divided into 5 parts, the:
head,
neck,
trunk,
upper limbs,
and lower limbs.
The abdomen can be divided superficially into four _______ or nine ________, which are useful for locating internal organs or describing the location of a pain.
quadrants
regions
3 types of plane
sagittal
transverse
frontal (coronal)
plane divides the body into left and right parts
sagittal plane
plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts
transverse plane
plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal plane
3 types of sections
longitudinal
transverse
oblique
3 types of cavity mentioned in the book:
thoracic
abdominal
pelvic
cavity bounded by the ribs and the diaphragm.
thoracic cavity
what divides the thoracic cavity into 2 parts?
mediastrinum
cavity bounded by the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles.
abdominal cavity
cavity surrounded by the pelvic bones
pelvic cavity
The trunk cavities are lined by ______________________
serous membranes
part of a serous membrane that lines the wall of the cavity
parietal membrane
part of a serous membrane that covers the internal organs
visceral membrane
