Ch - 9 (The Kinetic Model of Matter) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are properties of solids?

A
  • Definite shape
  • Definite volume
  • do not flow
  • Cannot be compressed
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2
Q

What are properties of liquids?

A
  • No definite shape
  • definite volume
  • can flow
  • cannot b compressed
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3
Q

What are properties of gases?

A
  • No definite shape
  • No fixed volume
  • Flow
  • Compressible
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4
Q

What changes when the state changes?

A

energy n reversible

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5
Q

What happens when particles gain energy?

A

Gain kinetic energy

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6
Q

what is the relation between temperature and pressure?

A

As temp increases, pressure increases.

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7
Q

What is absolute zero temp?

A

Particles are no longer moving and do not collide with the container.

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8
Q

What is the value of absolute zero temp ?

A
  • 273°C or K (Kelvin)
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9
Q

How do particles of gas move around?

A

Random motion.

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10
Q

What does it mean if particles travel in random motion?

A

no specific path

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11
Q

When are there sudden changes in the movement of gas particles?

A
  • walls of its container
  • other molecules.
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12
Q

How is pressure in a gas caused in a container?

A

by the collisions with the surface of the container walls.

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13
Q

What is the formula for pressure?

A

P = F/A

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14
Q

What does the Kinetic Theory of Matter state?

A

All matter is made up of tiny particles

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15
Q

What is Brownian motion?

A

The random movement of particles in a liquid or a gas is produced by large numbers of collisions with smaller particles that are hard to see.

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16
Q

What do we see through a microscope when particles of pollen or smoke are observed?

A

sec of light, moving randomly in a jerky motion.

17
Q

What can be seen when we look through a microscope?

A

Microscopic particles such as :

  • Pollen or smoke particles seem to move
  • Smaller atoms and molecules
18
Q

What does the collision give particles?

A

Lil nudge to change the speed and direction randomly each time they are struck.

19
Q

Where does the presence of light of fast-moving particles and molecules come from

A

inferred from the motion of the microscopic particles

20
Q

What does the absolute temperature begin at?

A

kelvin temp scale

21
Q

What is 0 K equal to?

A

-273°C

22
Q

Is it possible to have temp lower than 0K

A

No, so there is no negative value

23
Q

Define Temperature.

A

Average KE of the molecules in a substance.

24
Q

Define internal energy

A

Total sum of KE and PE of molecules in a substance.

25
Q

What causes brownian Motion of dust particles?

A

Dust particles are constantly knocked about by the fast moving particle of the air.

26
Q

What are the particles called?

A

Air molecules

27
Q

When can the gas laws be considered?

A

Temp of gas is constant

28
Q

What happens when temp is constant and if the container is compressed?

A

volume decreases
pressure increases

29
Q

What happens when temp is constant and if the container expands?

A

volume increases
Pressure decreases

30
Q

What can be used to remove air ins sealed container?

A

Vacuum pump

31
Q

What happens when gas is compressed?

A
  • Molecules hit the wall of the container frequently
  • Creates overall net force
32
Q

When there is a constant volume, what happens when temp increases?

A

Average energy of particles increases

33
Q

When does Booyle’s Law apply?

A

Of temp T of an ideal gas is constant

34
Q

What is the formula for Booyle’s law ?

A

P inversely proportional to 1/V

35
Q

What is the relationship between pressure and volume?

A

P1V1 = P2V2

1 - initial
2 - final

vol = m^3
p = pascals