Ch. 9 - Sensation and Perception (FINAL)

Question 1

perception

Answer 1

the organization and experiencing of sensory info

Question 2

illusion

Answer 2

an incorrect perception

Question 3

sensation

Answer 3

subconscious
info detected by a sensory receptor that responds to a specific stimuli

Question 4

neural relay: visual

Answer 4

1. visual receptors (rods and cones)
2. thalamus (LGN)
3. cerebral cortex (V1)

Question 5

neural relay: auditory

Answer 5

1. auditory receptors (inner hair cells)
2. hindbrain (medulla)
3. midbrain (inferior colliculus tectum)
4. thalamus (MGN)
5. cerebral cortex (A1)

Question 6

neural relay: somatosensory

Answer 6

1. somatosensory receptors
2. spinal cord
3. brainstem
4. thalamus
5. cerebral cortex (S1)

Question 7

sensory receptors: 3 components

Answer 7

receptive fields
- map out activity (topographic map)

receptor density
- determines sensitivity of stimulus and acuity

receptor sensitivity: actual sensitivity

Question 8

visual sensation: rods and cones

Answer 8

remember: MR. PC !!!
(M-cells: rods; P-cells: cones)
(these are retinal ganglion cells or RGCs)

rods: low light and luminance vision
- compose 95% of visual receptors

cones: high light levels and colour vision
- fine detail

Question 9

cones: pigments

Answer 9

cone S: short, BLUE colour, w-length of 419

cone M: medium, GREEN colour, w-length of 531

cone L: large, RED colour, w-length of 559

Question 10

lateral geniculate nucleus and layers

Answer 10

located in the THALAMUS
receives afferent info from optic nerve
layer 4: Ca (alpha, M-cell) and Cb (beta, P-cell)

layers 1,4,6: contralateral
layers 2,3,5: ipsilateral

Question 11

retina: general info

Answer 11

91 million rods and 4 million cones
contains photoreceptors

Question 12

retina: layers

Answer 12

(anterior to posterior)
1. ganglions
2. interneurons (amacrine, bipolar, horizontal cells)
3. cones
4. rods
5. optic nerve

Question 13

visual light spectrum

Answer 13

BLUE LIGHT (LEFT)
- short waves
- more harmful
- high energy

RED LIGHT (RIGHT)
- long waves
- lower energy

Question 14

visual pathways: 2 systems

Answer 14

geniculostriate system
- eye to LGN to V1

tectopulvinar system
- eye to superior colliculus to pulvinar (thalamus)

Question 15

visual streams: ventral and dorsal

Answer 15

ventral (below)
- conscious vision
- WHAT stream

dorsal (above)
- unconscious vision
- HOW stream

Question 16

injury: ventral and dorsal

Answer 16

ventral stream injury
- agnosia (do not know/can’t perceive object)

dorsal stream injury
- optic ataxia