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Mental Health Nursing > Ch. 9 Intervention in Groups (Test 2) > Flashcards

Ch. 9 Intervention in Groups (Test 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Health care professionals not only shaire their personal lives with groups of people, but also …?

A

Encounter multiple group situations in their professional operations

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2
Q

How do clients learn in a group setting?

A

From each other

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3
Q

Definition of a group

A

A collection of individuals whose association is founded on shared commonalities of interest, values, norms, or purpose

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4
Q

Functions of a group- “socialization”

A

The teaching of social norms occurs through group interaction

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5
Q

Functions of a group- “support”

A

Fellow group members are available in time of need

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6
Q

Functions of a group- “task completion”

A

Groups can assist in endeavors that are beyond the capacity of one individual alone

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7
Q

Functions of a group- “camaraderie”

A

Individuals receive joy and pleasure from interactions with significant others

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8
Q

Functions of a group- “informational”

A

Learning takes place when group members share their knowledge with the others in the group

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9
Q

Functions of a group- “normative”

A

Different groups enforce established norms in various ways

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10
Q

Functions of a group- “empowerment”

A

Change can be made by groups at times when individuals alone are ineffective

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11
Q

Functions of a group- “governance”

A

Large organizations often have leadership that is provided by groups rather than by a single individual

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12
Q

Task groups definition

A

This is a group formed to accomplish a specific outcome or task

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13
Q

Teaching groups definition

A

The focus is to convey knowledge and info to a number of individuals

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14
Q

Supportive/therapeutic groups

A

The primary concern is to prevent possible future upsets by teaching the participants effective ways of dealing with emotional stress arising from situational or developmental crises

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15
Q

Therapeutic groups vs. group therapy

A

Group therapy has sound theoretical base and leaders generally have advanced degrees in psychology, social work, nursing, or medicine. Therapeutic groups are based to a lesser extent on theory; the focus is on group relations, interactions among group members, and the consideration of a selected issue.

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16
Q

Therapeutic groups vs. group therapy- group process and group content

A

Leaders of both types of groups must be knowledgeable about group process and group content

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17
Q

Group process

A

The way in which group members interact with each other

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18
Q

Group content

A

The topic or issue being discussed in the group

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19
Q

Self-help groups

A

Composed of individuals with a similar problems, serve to reduce the possibilities of further emotional distress leading to pathology and necessary treatment, may or may not have a professional leader; run by members; leadership often rotates from member to member

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20
Q

Physical conditions that influence group dynamics- seating

A

Best when there is no barrier between the members; for example, a circle of chairs is better than chairs set around a table

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21
Q

Physical conditions that influence group dynamics- size

A

Size of the group makes a difference in the interaction among members; seven or eight members provide a favorable climate for optimal group interaction and relationship development

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22
Q

Physical conditions that influence group dynamics- open ended group membership

A

Members leave and other join at any time during the existence of the group

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23
Q

Physical conditions that influence group dynamics- closed ended group membership

A

All members join at the time the group is organized and terminate membership at the end of a designated period

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24
Q

Curative factors of group- instillation of hope

A

By observing the progress of others in the group with similar problems, a group member garners hope that his or her problems can also be resolved

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25
Q

Curative factors of group- universality

A

Individuals come to realize that they are not alone in the problems, thoughts, and feelings they are experiencing

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26
Q

Curative factors of group- imparting of info

A

Group members share their knowledge with each other; leaders of teaching groups also provide info to group members

27
Q

Curative factors of group- altruism

A

Individuals provide assistance and support to each other, thereby helping to create a positive self image and promote growth

28
Q

Curative factors of group- corrective recapitulation of the primary family group

A

Group members are able to re-experience early family conflicts that remain unresolved

29
Q

Curative factors of group- development of socializing techniques

A

Through interaction with and feedback from other members of the group, individuals are able to correct maladaptive social behaviors and to learn and develop new social skills

30
Q

Curative factors of group- imitative behavior

A

Group members who have mastered a particular psychosocial skill or developmental task serve as valuable role models for others

31
Q

Curative factors of group- Interpersonal learning

A

Group offers varied opportunities for interacting with other people

32
Q

Curative factors of group- group cohesiveness

A

members develop a sense of belonging rather than separating individual (“I am”) from group (“we are”)

33
Q

Curative factors of group- catharsis

A

Within the group, members are able to express both positive and negative feelings

34
Q

Curative factors of group- existential factors

A

the group is able to assist individual members to take direction of their own lives and to accept responsibility for the quality of their existence

35
Q

Phase 1 of group development (Initial or orientation phase)

A

Leader and members work together to establish rules ad goals for the group, leader promotes trust and ensures that rules do not interfere with fulfillment of the goals, members are superficial and overly polite and trust has not yet been established

36
Q

Phase 2 of group development (Middle or working phase)

A

Productive work toward completion of the task is undertaken, leader role diminishes and becomes more one of facilitator, trust has been established among the members and cohesiveness exists, and conflict is managed by the group members themselves

37
Q

Phase 3 of group development (Final or termination phase)

A
  1. A sense of loss, precipitating the grief process, may be experienced group members. 2. The leader encourages the group members to discuss these feelings of loss and to reminisce about the accomplishments of the group. 3. Feelings of abandonment may be experienced by some members, grief for previous losses may be triggered
38
Q

Autocratic leadership styles

A

Focus is on the leader, on whom the members are dependent for problem solving, decision making, and permission to perform; production is high, but morale is low

39
Q

Democratic leadership styles

A

Focus is on members, who are encouraged to participate fully in problem solving of group issues, including taking action to effect change; production is somewhat lower than with autocratic leadership, but morale is much higher

40
Q

Laissez-faire leadership styles

A

There is no focus in this type of leadership. Goals are undefined, and members do as they please; productivity and morale are low

41
Q

Members play what 3 types of roles within a group?

A

Task, maintenance, and individual (personal) roles

42
Q

Task member role

A

Serving to complete the task of the group

43
Q

Maintenance member role

A

Maintaining enhancing group processes

44
Q

Individual (personal) member role

A

Fulfilling personal or individual needs

45
Q

Psychodrama definition

A

Type of group therapy that employs a dramatic approach in which clients become “actors” in life situation scenarios

46
Q

Roles in psychodrama- protagonist

A

An identified client (called the protagonist) is selected to portray a life situation

47
Q

Roles in psychodrama- other members

A

Other members of the group play the roles of people with whom the protagonist has unresolved issues

48
Q

Roles in psychodrama- members not participating

A

Group members who do not participate in the drama act as the audience, and the group leader is called the director

49
Q

Purpose of psychodrama

A

To provide the client with a safe place in which to confront unresolved conflicts in an effort to progress toward resolution

50
Q

Nurses as psychodramatists

A

Nurses who work as psychodramatists require specialist training beyond the Master’s degree

51
Q

Family therapy definition

A

Focus of the treatment is on the family as a unit

52
Q

Family therapy goal

A

To identify and change problematic, maladaptive, self-defeating, repetitive relationship patterns

53
Q

How is family viewed?

A

The family is viewed as a system in which the members are interdependent.

54
Q

Family changes

A

A change in one part (member) within the system affects or creates change in all the other parts (members)

55
Q

What are genograms?

A

A study of multiple generations within a family

56
Q

What do genograms identify?

A

Identify roles of specific individuals

57
Q

What do genograms highlight?

A

Highlights relationships among family members

58
Q

What do genograms reveal?

A

Reveals a large amount of info in a small amount of space

59
Q

What can genograms be used for?

A

Can be used as a teaching tool with families

60
Q

What nurse can conduct family therapy?

A

Advanced practice nurses (APNs)

61
Q

What should generalist nurses have knowledge of regarding family therapy?

A

Generalist nurses should have knowledge of family dynamics and contribute to the assessment and planning phases of family therapy and to ongoing observation and evaluation

62
Q

Nurses who work in psychiatry can lead what?

A

Lead various types of therapeutic groups, such as client education groups, assertiveness training, support groups for clients with similar problems, parent groups, transition to discharge groups, and others

63
Q

Guidelines set forth by who specify that nurses serve as what?

A

Guidelines set forth by the American Nurses Assoc. specify that nurses who serve as group psychotherapists should have a minimum of a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing

64
Q

When is additional specialist training beyond the master’s level required?

A

To prepare nurses to conduct psychodrama

Mental Health Nursing (9 decks)

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