Ch. 10 Intervening in Crises (Test 2) Flashcards
What can precipitate a crisis?
Any stressful situation
Assistance with problem solving during the crisis period does what?
Preserves self esteem and promotes growth with resolution
What is a crisis?
A sudden event in one’s life, during which usual coping mechanisms cannot resolve the problem; the crisis disturbs homeostasis
5 assumptions on which the concept of crisis is based
- Crisis occurs in all individual at one time or another and is not necessarily equated with psychopathology, 2. Crises are precipitated by specific identifiable events, 3. Crises are personal by nature, 4. Crises are acute, not chronic, and are resolved in one way or another within a brief period, 5. a crisis situation contains the potential for psychological growth or deterioration
1st phase in the development of a crisis
The individual is exposed to a precipitating stressor
2nd phase in the development of a crisis
When previous problem solving techniques do not relieve the stressor, anxiety increases further
3rd phase in the development of a crisis
All possible resources, both internal and external, are called on to resolve the problem and relieve the discomfort
4th phase in the development of a crisis
If resolution does not occur in previous phases, the tension mounts beyond a further threshold or its burden increases over time to a breaking point; major disorganization of the individual occurs, often with drastic results
Whether individuals experience a crisis in response to a stressful situation depends on what 3 factors?
The individual’s perception of the event, the availability of situational supports, the availability of adequate coping mechanisms
Dispositional crisis
An acute response to an external situational stressor
Crisis of anticipated life transitions
Normal life-cycle transition that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control
Crisis resulting from traumatic stress
Precipitated by an unexpected, external stressor over which the individual has little or no control and from which he or she feels emotionally overwhelmed and defeated
Maturational/developmental crisis
Occurs in response to a situation that riggers emotions related to unresolved conflicts in one’s life
Crisis reflecting psychopathology
Emotional crisis in which preexisting psychopathology has been instrumental in precipitating the crisis or in which psychopathology significantly impairs or complicates adaptive resolution
Psychiatric emergency
Crisis situation in which general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility
The minimum therapeutic goal of crisis intervention is?
Psychologic resolution of the individual’s immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed before the crisis period
What is a maximum goal of crisis intervention?
Improvement in functioning above the pre crisis level
When may nurses be crisis helpers?
Nurses may be called on to function as crisis helpers in virtually any setting committed to the practice of nursing
Phase 1 of crisis intervention
Assessment: info is gathered regarding the precipitating stressor and the resulting crisis that prompted the individual to seek professional help
Phase 2 of crisis intervention
Planning of therapeutic intervention: from the assessment data, the nurse selects appropriate nursing diagnoses that reflect the immediacy of the crisis situation, desired outcome criteria are established, appropriate nursing actions are selected, taking into consideration the type of crisis as well as the individual’s strengths and available resources for support
