Ch. 10 Intervening in Crises (Test 2)

Question 1

What can precipitate a crisis?

Answer 1

Any stressful situation

Question 2

Assistance with problem solving during the crisis period does what?

Answer 2

Preserves self esteem and promotes growth with resolution

Question 3

What is a crisis?

Answer 3

A sudden event in one’s life, during which usual coping mechanisms cannot resolve the problem; the crisis disturbs homeostasis

Question 4

5 assumptions on which the concept of crisis is based

Answer 4

1. Crisis occurs in all individual at one time or another and is not necessarily equated with psychopathology, 2. Crises are precipitated by specific identifiable events, 3. Crises are personal by nature, 4. Crises are acute, not chronic, and are resolved in one way or another within a brief period, 5. a crisis situation contains the potential for psychological growth or deterioration

Question 5

1st phase in the development of a crisis

Answer 5

The individual is exposed to a precipitating stressor

Question 6

2nd phase in the development of a crisis

Answer 6

When previous problem solving techniques do not relieve the stressor, anxiety increases further

Question 7

3rd phase in the development of a crisis

Answer 7

All possible resources, both internal and external, are called on to resolve the problem and relieve the discomfort

Question 8

4th phase in the development of a crisis

Answer 8

If resolution does not occur in previous phases, the tension mounts beyond a further threshold or its burden increases over time to a breaking point; major disorganization of the individual occurs, often with drastic results

Question 9

Whether individuals experience a crisis in response to a stressful situation depends on what 3 factors?

Answer 9

The individual’s perception of the event, the availability of situational supports, the availability of adequate coping mechanisms

Question 10

Dispositional crisis

Answer 10

An acute response to an external situational stressor

Question 11

Crisis of anticipated life transitions

Answer 11

Normal life-cycle transition that may be anticipated but over which the individual may feel a lack of control

Question 12

Crisis resulting from traumatic stress

Answer 12

Precipitated by an unexpected, external stressor over which the individual has little or no control and from which he or she feels emotionally overwhelmed and defeated

Question 13

Maturational/developmental crisis

Answer 13

Occurs in response to a situation that riggers emotions related to unresolved conflicts in one’s life

Question 14

Crisis reflecting psychopathology

Answer 14

Emotional crisis in which preexisting psychopathology has been instrumental in precipitating the crisis or in which psychopathology significantly impairs or complicates adaptive resolution

Question 15

Psychiatric emergency

Answer 15

Crisis situation in which general functioning has been severely impaired and the individual rendered incompetent or unable to assume personal responsibility

Question 16

The minimum therapeutic goal of crisis intervention is?

Answer 16

Psychologic resolution of the individual’s immediate crisis and restoration to at least the level of functioning that existed before the crisis period

Question 17

What is a maximum goal of crisis intervention?

Answer 17

Improvement in functioning above the pre crisis level

Question 18

When may nurses be crisis helpers?

Answer 18

Nurses may be called on to function as crisis helpers in virtually any setting committed to the practice of nursing

Question 19

Phase 1 of crisis intervention

Answer 19

Assessment: info is gathered regarding the precipitating stressor and the resulting crisis that prompted the individual to seek professional help

Question 20

Phase 2 of crisis intervention

Answer 20

Planning of therapeutic intervention: from the assessment data, the nurse selects appropriate nursing diagnoses that reflect the immediacy of the crisis situation, desired outcome criteria are established, appropriate nursing actions are selected, taking into consideration the type of crisis as well as the individual’s strengths and available resources for support