Ch. 3 Biological Implications (Test 2) Flashcards

1
Q

The 101st Congress of the US designated the 1990s as what? What was the challenge?

A

“Decade of the Brain.” The challenge of studying the biological basis of behavior.

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2
Q

Behavioral phenomena result from what?

A

From the interaction between biological, psychological, and sociological systems.

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3
Q

What are three major parts of the brain?

A

Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

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4
Q

How were most psychological drugs discovered before the 90s?

A

By trial and error (ex: Thorazine, Nardil (an MAOI for TB, BP))

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5
Q

Up until what decade were there no psychological medications?

A

60s

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6
Q

What parts make up the forebrain?

A

Cerebrum, diencephalon

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7
Q

What part makes up the midbrain?

A

Mesencephalon

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8
Q

What parts make up the hindbrain?

A

Pons, medulla, cerebellum

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9
Q

What are neurons composed of?

A

Cell body, axons, dendrites

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10
Q

What are the classes of neurons?

A

Afferent, efferent, interneurons

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11
Q

What category are neurons under?

A

Nerve tissue

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12
Q

Neurotransmitters are under what category?

A

Synapses

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13
Q

What make up neurotransmitters?

A

Cholinergic, monoamines, amino acids, neuropeptides

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14
Q

What makes up the spinal cord?

A

Fiber tracts, spinal nerves

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15
Q

What 2 systems make up the peripheral nervous system?

A

Afferent, efferent

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16
Q

What makes up the afferent system?

A

Somatic and visceral sensory neurons

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17
Q

What makes up the efferent system?

A

Somatic and autonomic nervous system

18
Q

What lobes make up the pituitary gland?

A

Posterior lobe, anterior lobe

19
Q

What make up the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

A

Vasopressin, oxytocin

20
Q

What makes up the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

A

GH, TSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, gonadotropic hormones, melanocyte-stimulating hormone

21
Q

How does a person feel without growth hormone? What is GH for?

A

Can feel tired, depressed. It is for growth in children and protein synthesis.

22
Q

What happens when you do not have enough TSH?

A

You see weight gain, and have less energy.

23
Q

Implications for psychiatric illness

A

Schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, anorexia nervosa, Alzheimer’s disease

24
Q

Diagnostic procedures

A

Electroencephalography, computerized EEG mapping, computed tomographic scan, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, MRI

25
When were neuroleptics introduced?
1950s
26
What were neuroleptics intended to be used for?
As an adjunct to individual or group psychotherapy
27
What test can diagnose schizophrenia
PET
28
What are the roles of the nurse?
Ethical and legal implications, assessment, med admin and evaluation, client education
29
Where do psychotropic medications effects occur?
Effects occur at the neuronal synapse
30
What do most antidepressants block?
Block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
31
What do antipsychotics block?
Block dopamine (and others) receptors
32
What do atypicals block?
Specific serotonin receptor
33
What do benzodiazepines facilitate?
Transmission of GABA
34
What do stimulants increase?
Release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
35
What is the emphasis on in psychiatric nursing?
A smooth transition from a psychosocial approach to a biopsychosocial focus
36
What must be incorporated into nursing practice, education, and research?
New science and technology
37
What effect does excess Haldol have?
Pseudo-Parkinson's disease as a side effect
38
What is GABA?
Helps anxiety???
39
Psychiatric nurses must have a specialized knowledge about?
Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, neuronal processes, neuroendocrinology, Circadian rhythms, genetic influences, psychoimmunology, psychopharmacology, diagnostic technology
40
*Know how drugs work and side effects for test!
!!!!