Ch 9- Cell Communication

Question 0

Receptor protein

Answer 0

Molecule to which the receptor binds (guard)

Question 1

Ligand

Answer 1

Signaling molecule (message)

Question 2

Signal transduction

Answer 2

Converts the information in the signal into a cellular response

Different cell types can have different or similar response to same signal

Question 3

Direct contact communication of cells

Answer 3

Cells so close together receptors are touching. Important in early development

Question 4

Paracrine signaling

Answer 4

Signal released from a cell that affects neighboring cells

Question 5

Endocrine signaling

Answer 5

Cells not close to each other so one cell send hormone into blood. Blood carries this to other cell.

Question 6

Synaptic signaling

Answer 6

Nerve cells release signal (neurotransmitter) into synaptic gap. The signal is then picked up by another cell

Question 7

Phosphorylation

Answer 7

Change activity of a protein. A cells response often involves activating or inactivating proteins

Question 8

Protein kinase

Answer 8

An enzyme that adds a phosphate to a protein

Question 9

Phosphatase

Answer 9

An enzyme that removes a phosphate from a protein