Ch 6 Energy Flashcards

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0
Q

First law of thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change from one form to another.
Some energy is lost as heat

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1
Q

Energy

A

Capacity to do work

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2
Q

Second law of thermodynamics

A

Entropy (disorder) is continuously increasing. Converts matter for a more ordered less stable form to a less ordered more stable form

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3
Q

Free energy

A

Energy available to do work

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4
Q

Activation energy

A

Extra energy required to destabilize existing bonds and initiate a chemical reaction. Larger activation energy proceeds more slowly.

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5
Q

Catalysts

A

Substances that influence chemical bonds in a way that lowers activation energy

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6
Q

Active site

A

Pockets or clefts for substrate binding. Precise a fit into active site.

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7
Q

Inhibitors

A

Substance that binds to enzyme and decrease its activity

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8
Q

Competitive inhibitor

A

Competes with subtracted for active site

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9
Q

Non competitive inhibitor

A

Binds to enzymes at a site other than the active site. Causes shape change that makes enzyme unable to bind substrate.

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10
Q

Endergonic reactions

A

Not spontaneous. Absorbs energy.

Ex photosynthesis absorbing light energy to create glucose and oxygen and anabolic reactions

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11
Q

Exergonic reaction

A

Spontaneous. Releases energy.

– ex catobolic reactions

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12
Q

Metabolism

A

Total of all chemical reactions carried out by an organism

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13
Q

Anabolic reactions

A

Use energy from catobolic to build up molecules. Stores energy

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14
Q

Catabolic reactions

A

breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules. Release energy that helps drive chemical reaction

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15
Q

Co enzyme

A

Bind to enzyme to help them work