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Science > Ch. 9 > Flashcards

Ch. 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Wave

A

A repeating disturbance that transfers energy through matter or space

The periodic disturbance of the particles of a substance that may be propagated without net movement of the particles, such as the passage of undulating motion, heat, or sound

Ex. Ocean tides

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2
Q

Property of all waves

A

Wavelength: is the disturbance between one point on a wave and the nearest point just like it
Frequency: of always is the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point each second
Period:The amount of time it takes one wavelength to pass a point

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3
Q

How are waves made

A

Moving up or down side to side; Back-and-forth

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4
Q

Mechanical Waves

A

A wave that can only travel through matter

A wave that is an is oscillation of matter

Ex. Sound wave

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5
Q

Medium

A

Matter through which a wave travels

The intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses or a force acts on objects at a distance

Ex. Vacuum

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6
Q

Transverse wave

A

Particles in a medium that move back-and-forth at right angles to the direction the wave travels

A wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation

Ex. Water wave

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7
Q

Longitudinal

A

Matter in which the medium moves back-and-forth along the same direction of the wave travels

A wave vibrating in the direction of its propagation

Ex. Sound wave

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8
Q

Water waves

A

Like transverse waves but form when the wind blows across the surface of the ocean

A gravity wave on water

Ex. Oceans waves

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9
Q

Sound waves

A

Longitudinal waves that are formed by molecules in the air that are pushed together by vibrations caused by the object making the noise

A wave of compression and rare fraction, which sound is propagated in an elastic medium such as air

Ex. Slamming your locker

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10
Q

Seismic waves

A

Waves that are found mostly in earths interior and they have energy that flows through earths surface

And elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other means

Ex. Earthquake

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11
Q

Crest

A

Are the high points of the transverse wave

A point on a wave with a maximum value or upward this placement within a cycle

Ex. Upper part of wave

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12
Q

Trough

A

Are the low points of the transverse waves

Lowest point the medium sinks to

Ex. Lower part of wave

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13
Q

Compression

A

More dense region of a longitudinal wave

A region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together

Ex. Tight part of Spring

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14
Q

Rarefaction

A

The less dense region of a longitudinal wave

Is the reduction of an item’s density, the opposite of compression

Ex. Loose part of spring

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15
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance between one point on a wave and the nearest point just like it

The distance between successive crest of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave

Ex. Crest to crest, trough to trough

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16
Q

Frequency

A

The number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point each second

The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time or in a given example

Ex. M/S

17
Q

Period

A

The amount of time it takes one wavelength to pass a point

The time needed for one complete cycle of vibration to pass a given point

Ex. One wave length

18
Q

Amplitude

A

The measure of the size of disturbance from a wave

The maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position

Ex. Resting point to creat or trough

19
Q

S = (upside down y) f

A

Speed(m/s) = frequency(Hz) X wavelength (m)

20
Q

How are wavelength and frequency related

A

Because all light waves move to a vacuum at the same speed, the number of Wave crests passing by any given point in one second depends on the wavelength.

21
Q

How are wavelength different in transverse and longitudinal waves

A

While transverse waves have alternating patterns of crests and troughs, and longitudinal waves have an alternating pattern of compressions and rare factions. The wavelength can always be determined by measuring the distance between any two corresponding points on adjacent waves

22
Q

Refraction

A

The bending of a wave caused by a change in its speed as it travels from one medium to another

The fact or phenomenon of light, radio waves, etc., being deflected in passing obliquely through the interface between one medium and another or through a medium of varying density

Ex. A wave crashing into a rock

23
Q

Diffraction

A

The bending of a wave around an object

A wave bending into and object

Ex. A wave crashing into an object

24
Q

Interference

A

The process of two or more waves overlapping and combine to form a new wave

The combination of two or more electromagnetic wave forms to form a resultant wave in which the displacement is either reinforced or canceled

Ex. Radio interference AM and FM

25
Q

Standing wave

A

A special type of wave pattern that forms when waves equal and wavelength and amplitude but traveling in opposite directions continuously interfere with each other

A vibration of a system in which some particular points remain fixed while others between them vibrate with the maximum amplitude

Ex. Crest above crest

26
Q

Node

A

Locations where the interfering waves always cancel

A point at which lines are pathways intersect or branch: a central or connecting point

Ex. Infinity signed waves in the connecting points between the two different lines

27
Q

Resonance

A

The process by which an object is made to vibrate by absorbing energy and it’s natural frequencies

The increase in amplitude of oscillation of an electrical or mechanical system exposed to it. Fours who is frequency is equal or very close to the natural undamped frequency of the system

Ex. Person on a swing

28
Q

Law of reflection

A

States that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal to the surface of the mirror all the light in the same plane.

The angle of incidence is always equal to the angle formed by the reflection

Ex. Someone looking down on a pool while the sun is out

29
Q

Why do waves change direction when they travel from one form to another

A

The vibrations go different speeds throughout the mediums

30
Q

Compare and contrast refraction and diffraction

A

Refraction is when a wave bends through an object and diffraction is when a bends around an object

31
Q

Electromagnetic waves

A

Are made by vibrating electric charges

Electric charges vibrates

Ex. Radio waves

32
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths longer than 10 cm

Wavelength are not shorter than 10 cm

Ex. Radio waves

33
Q

Analog and digital signal and how they are used

A

Analog signal: and electrical signal whose value changes smoothly over time
Ex. Radios: AM and FM
Digital signal: an electric signal with only two possible values: on and off
Ex. Light switch

Science (17 decks)

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