CH 9

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

a group of people who have common characteristics

Question 2

Community organizing

Answer 2

process by which community groups are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set.

Question 3

Community building

Answer 3

orientation to community that is strength based rather than based and stresses the identification, nurturing, and celebration of community assets.

Question 4

Identify the assumptions of community organizing

Answer 4

1. Communities of people can develop the capacity to deal with their own problems.
2. People want to change and can change
3. People should participate in making, adjusting, or controlling the major changes taking place in their communities.
4. Changes in community living that are self-imposed or self developed have a meaning and permanence that imposed changes do not have.
5. A “holistic approach” can deal successfully with problems with which a “fragmented approach” cannot cope.
6. Democracy requires cooperative participation and action in the affairs of the community, and that the people must learn the skills that make this possible.
7. Frequently communities of people need help in organizing to deal with their needs, just as many individuals require help in coping with their individual problems.

Question 5

Describe Rothman’s three categories of community organizing

Answer 5

Locality development-most like community development and seeks community change through broad self-help participation from the local community.

Social planning-heavily task oriented, focused on rational-empirical problem solving, usually by an outside expert

Social action-is both task and process oriented. Concerned with increasing the community’s problem-solving ability and achieving concrete changes to redress imbalances of power and privilege between the oppressed or disadvantaged group and the larger society

Question 6

Identify and describe the quadrants of Minkler’s community organization and community-building typology figure 9.1 page 260

Answer 6

Strengths based-
Needs based (vertical)-
Consensus-
Conflict (horizontal)-

Question 7

Identify the steps to community organizing and community building

Answer 7

Recognizing the issue->
Gaining entry into the community->
organizing the people->
assessing the community->
determining the priorities and setting goals->
arriving at a solution and selecting intervention strategies->
implementing the plan->
evaluating the outcomes of the plan in action->
maintaining the outcomes of the community->
looping back

Question 8

Define cultural competence

Answer 8

A developmental process defined as a set of values, principles, behaviors, attitudes, and policies that enable health professionals to work effectively across racial, ethnic and linguistically diverse populations

Question 9

Identify the various levels or building blocks on community organizing. (Differentiate between the various assets within the primary building blocks)

Answer 9

Individual assets
		Skills and abilities of residents
		Individual businesses
		Home-based enterprises
		Personal income
		Gifts of labeled (disabled) people
	Organizational assets
		Associations of businesses (eg chamber of 
                commerce)
		Citizens’ associations (eg neighborhood 
                watch)
		Cultural organization (eg old west end festival, 
                 british club)
		Communications organizations (eg 
                newspapers, tv, radio)
		Religious organizations
		Financial organizations

Question 10

gatekeepers

Answer 10

those who control, both formally and informally, the political climate of a community

Question 11

executive participants

Answer 11

core group who are committed to resolution of the concern

Question 12

active participants

Answer 12

those who take part in most group activities

Question 13

occasional participants

Answer 13

those who become involved on an irregular basis and usually only when major decisions are made

Question 14

supporting participants

Answer 14

those who are seldom involved but help to swell the ranks of a program and may contribute in non-active ways or through financial contributions