ch 7 Flashcards
what is a theory
a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that presents a systematic view of events or situations by specifying relations among variables in order explain and predict the events of the situations. Systemic arrangement of fundamental principles that provide a basis for explaining certain happenings of life
what is a model
a composite a mixture of ideas or concepts taken from any number of theories and used together,
what is a concept
primary elements or the building blocks of a theory (key concepts of a theory are its constructs
Identify the levels of influence for the socio-ecological approach.
- intrapersonal or individual factors
- interpersonal factors
- institutional or organizational factors
- community factors
- public policy factors
TPB-Theory of Planned Behavior
addresses the problem of incomplete volitional control
PAPM- Precaution adoption process model:
explain how a person comes to the decision to take action, and how he or she translates that decision into action
- unaware of issue
- unengaged by issue
- deciding about acting
- Decided not to act
- decided to act
- acting
- maintenance
HBM- Health Belief Model
the tendency to perform a particular act is a function of the expectancy that the act will be followed by certain consequences and the value of those consequences.
- The existence of sufficient motivation or health concern to make health issues salient or relevant
- The belief that one is susceptible a serious health problem or to the sequelate of that illness or condition.
- The belief that following a particular health recommendation would be beneficial in reduction the perceived threat, and at a subjectively acceptable cost. Cost refers to the perceived barriers that must be overcome in order to follow the health recommendation; it includes, nit is not restricted to, financial outlays.
TTM- Transtheoretical Model
framework for understanding how individuals and populations progress toward adopting and maintaining health behavior change for optimal health
- Pre-contemplation stage- people do not intend to take action in the near term, usually measured as the next six months.
- Contemplation- people intend to change their behaviors in the next 6 months
- Preparation- people intend to take action soon, usually measured as the next month.
- Action stage
- Maintenance
- Termination
SCT- Social cognitive Theory
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What are the characteristics of a concept?
- identifying why people are not behaving in healthy ways
- identifying information needed before developing an intervention
- providing a conceptual framework for selecting constructs to develop the intervention
- providing direction and justification for program activities
- providing insight into how best to deliver the intervention
- identifying what needs to be measured to evaluate the impact of the intervention
What are the characteristics of a theory?
- the major factors that influence the phenomena of interest, for example those factors which explain why some people are regularly active and others are not
- the relationship between these factors, for example the relationship between knowledge, beliefs, social norms and behaviors such as physical activity
- the conditions under which these relationships do or do no occur: and how, when and why of hypothesized relationships, for example the time place and circumstances which, predictably lead to a person being active or inactive
