Ch. 9 Flashcards
When going from simple to complex, what is the proper order for DNA?
Nucleotide, DNA strand, double helix, chromosome
What could be the components of a single nucleotide found in DNA?
Deoxyribose, phosphate, and thymine
A key difference between the nucleotides found in DNA versus RNA is that..
- DNA has deoxyribose, but DNA has ribose
- DNA has thymine, but RNA has uracil
In a DNA strand, a phosphate connects a 3’ carbon atom in one deoxyribose to..
A 5’ carbon in an adjacent deoxyribose
Which of the following is not a feature of the DNA double helix?
A) it obeys the AT/GC rule
B) the DNA strands are antiparallel
C) the structure is stabilized by base stacking
D) all of the above are correct features of a DNA double helix
D
A groove in the DNA refers to..
The indentations where the atoms of the bases are in contact with the surrounding water
A key difference between B DNA and Z DNA is that..
B DNA is right-handed, whereas Z DNA is left-handed
A double-stranded region of RNA.. A) forms a helical structure B) obeys the AU/GC rule C) may promote the formation of different structures, such as bulge loops and stem-loops D) does all of the above
D
The components of nucleotides.
Which of these components are not found in DNA?
Ribose and uracil are not found in DNA
A short strand of DNA containing four nucleotides.
Which components of a nucleotide form the backbone of a DNA strand?
Deoxyribose and phosphate form the backbone of a DNA strand.
What holds the DNA strands together?
Hydrogen bonding between base pairs and base stacking holds the DNA strands together.
Describe the major and minor grooves.
The major and minor grooves are the indentations where the bases make contact with water. The major groove is wider than the minor groove.
What are the structural differences between B DNA and Z DNA?
B DNA is a right-handed helix and the backbone is helical, whereas Z DNA is a left-handed helix and the backbone appears to zigzag slightly.
Z DNA has the bases tilted relative to the central axis, whereas they are perpendicular in B DNA.
There are also minor differences in the number of base pairs per turn.
Why types of bonds hold nucleotides together in a RNA strand?
Covalent bonds hold nucleotides together in a RNA strand.
What are the base-pairing rules in RNA?
A bonds with U and G bonds with C.
