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NURS 105 - Medical Terminology > Ch. 8: The Blood and Lymphatic Systems - Hematology and Immunology > Flashcards

Ch. 8: The Blood and Lymphatic Systems - Hematology and Immunology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

coagul/o

A

coagulation

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2
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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3
Q

hem/o

hemat/o

A

blood

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4
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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5
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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6
Q

phleb/o

ven/o

A

vein

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7
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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8
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow, spine

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9
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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10
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

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11
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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12
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

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13
Q

immun/o

A

immune system

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14
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

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15
Q

anemia

A

an/emia (no/blood condition)
ah-NEE-mee-ah
reduction of red blood cells noticed by the patient as weakness and fatigue

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16
Q

ecchymosis

A

Greek for to pour out
eh-kih-MOH-sis
large bruise

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17
Q

hematoma

A

hemat/oma (blood/tumor)
HEE-mah-TOH-mah
mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue

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18
Q

hemophilia

A

hemo/phil/ia (blood/love/condition) HEE-moh-FEE-lee-ah

condition in which the blood doesn’t clot, thus causing excessive bleeding

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19
Q

hemorrhage

A

hemo/rrhage (blood/excessive flow)
HEM-oh-RIJ
excessive blood loss

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20
Q

petechia

A

Latin for freckle or spot
puh-TEE-kee-yah
small bruise

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21
Q

reperfusion injury

A

re/per/fusion injury (again/through/pour injury)
REE-pir-FYOO-zhun IN-jir-ee
injury to tissue that occurs after blood flow is restored

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22
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

lymph/adeno/pathy (lymph/gland/disease)
lim-FAD-eh-NAW-pah-thee
any disease of a lymph gland (node); used to refer to noticeably swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck

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23
Q

lymphedema

A

lymph/edema (lymph/swelling)
LIMF-ah-DEE-mah
swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of lymph usually in the extremities

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24
Q

splenalgia

A

splen/algia (spleen/pain)
splee-NAL-jah
pain in the spleen

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25
Q

splenodynia

A

spleno/dynia (spleen/pain)
SPLEE-noh-DAI-nee-ah
pain in the spleen

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26
Q

anisocytosis

A

an/iso/cyt/osis (not/equal/cell/condition)
AN-ai-soh-SAI-toh-sis
condition characterized by a great inequality in the size of red blood cells

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27
Q

elliptocytosis

A

ellipto/cyt/osis (oval-shaped/cell/condition)
ee-LIP-toh-SAI-toh-sis
condition characterized by an increase in the number of oval-shaped red blood cells

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28
Q

embolism

A

embol/ism (embolus/condition)
EM-boh-LIZ-um
blockage in a blood vessel caused by an embolus

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29
Q

embolus

A

em/bolus (in/throw)
EM-boh-lus
mass of matter present in the blood

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30
Q

erythrocyte

A

erythro/cyte (red/cell)
eh-RIH-throh-SAIT
red blood cell

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31
Q

erythrocytosis

A

erythro/cyt/osis (red/cell/condition)
eh-RIH-throh-sai-TOH-sis
abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells

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32
Q

hematopoiesis

A

hemato/poiesis (blood/formation)
heh-MAH-toh-poh-EE-sis
formation of blood cells

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33
Q

hemolysis

A

hemo/lysis (blood/breakdown)
hee-MAW-lih-sis
breakdown of blood cells

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34
Q

leukocyte

A

leuko/cyte (white/cell)
LOO-koh-sait
white blood cell

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35
Q

leukocytosis

A

leuko/cyt/osis (white/cell/condition)
LOO-koh-sai-TOH-sis
increase in the number of white blood cells

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36
Q

leukopenia

A

leuko/penia (white/deficiency)
LOO-koh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in white blood cells

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37
Q

macrocytosis

A

macro/cyt/osis (large/cell/condition)
MAH-kroh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by large red blood cells

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38
Q

microcytosis

A

micro/cyt/osis (small/cell/condition)
MAI-kroh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by small red blood cells

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39
Q

myelopoiesis

A

myelo/poiesis (bone marrow/formation)
MAI-eh-loh-poh-EE-sis
formation of bone marrow

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40
Q

neutropenia

A

neutro/penia (neutrophil/deficiency)
NOO-troh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in neutrophil

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41
Q

neutrophil

A

a type of white blood cell

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42
Q

normocyte

A

normo/cyte (normal/cell)
NOR-moh-sait
normal-sized red blood cell

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43
Q

oligocythemia

A

oligo/cyt/hemia (few/cell/blood condition)
AW-lih-goh-sih-THEE-mee-ah
deficiency in the number of red blood cells

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44
Q

pancytopenia

A

pan/cyto/penia (all/cell/deficiency)
PAN-SAI-toh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in all cellular components of the blood

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45
Q

phagocytosis

A

phago/cyt/osis (eat/cell/condition)
FAY-goh-sai-TOH-sis
process in which phagocytes destroy (or eat) foreign microorganisms or cell debris

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46
Q

phagocytes

A

a type of white blood cell

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47
Q

poikilocytosis

A

poikilo/cyt/osis (various/cell/condition)
POI-kih-loh-sai-TOH-sis
condition characterized by red blood cells in a variety of shapes

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48
Q

polycythemia

A

poly/cyt/hemia (many/cell/blood condition)
PAW-lee-sih-THEE-mee-ah
excess of red blood cells

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49
Q

reticulocyte

A

reticulo/cyte (net/cell)
reh-TIK-yoo-loh-SAIT
immature red blood cell; the root comes from its netlike appearance

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50
Q

spherocyte

A

sphero/cyte (sphere/cell)
SFEE-roh-SAIT
red blood cell that assumes a spherical shape

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51
Q

thrombocyte

A

thrombo/cyte (clot/cell)
THROM-boh-sait
cell that helps blood clot; also known as a platelet

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52
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

thrombo/cyto/penia (clot/cell/deficiency)
THROM-boh-SAI-toh-PEE-nee-ah
deficiency in the number of platelets (clot cells)

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53
Q

thrombocytosis

A

thrombo/cyt/osis (clot/cell/condition)
THROM-boh-sai-TOH-sis
increase in the number of platelets (clot cells)

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54
Q

thromboembolism

A

thrombo/embol/ism (clot/embolus/condition)
THROM-boh-EM-boh-LIZ-um
blockage of a vessel (embolism) caused by a clot that has broken off from where it formed

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55
Q

thrombogenic

A

thrombo/gen/ic (clot/formation/pertaining to)
THROM-boh-JIN-ik
capable of producing a blood clot

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56
Q

thrombosis

A

thromb/osis (clot/condition)
throm/BOH-sis
the formation of a blood clot

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57
Q

thrombus

A

Greek for lump, clot, or even curd of milk
THROM-bus
blood clot

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58
Q

asplenia

A

a/splen/ia (no/spleen/condition)
ah-SPLEE-nee-ah
absence of a spleen or of spleen function

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59
Q

hepatosplenomegaly

A

hepato/spleno/megaly (liver/spleen/enlargement)
heh-PAT-oh-SPLEE-noh-MEH-gah-lee
enlargement of the liver and spleen

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60
Q

lymphocyte

A

lympho/cyte (lymph/cell)
LIM-foh-SAIT
lymph cell

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61
Q

lymphopenia

A

lympho/penia (lymph/deficiency)
LIM-foh-PEE-nee-ah
abnormal deficiency in lymph

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62
Q

splenectopy

A

splen/ec/top/y (spleen/out/place/condition)
splee-NEK-toh-pee
displacement of the spleen; sometimes called floating spleen

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63
Q

splenolysis

A

spleno/lysis (spleen/breakdown)
splee-NAW-lih-sis
breakdown (destruction) of spleen tissue

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64
Q

splenomalacia

A

spleno/malacia (spleen/softening)
SPLEE-noh-mah-LAY-shah
softening of the spleen

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65
Q

splenomegaly

A

spleno/megaly (spleen/enlargement)
SPLEE-noh-MEH-gah-lee
enlargement of the spleen

66
Q

splenoptosis

A

spleno/ptosis (spleen/drooping condition)
SPLEE-nawp-TOH-sis
downward displacement (drooping) of the spleen

67
Q

thymic hyperplasia

A

thym/ic hyper/plasia (thymus/pertaining to over/formation)
THAI-mik-HAI-per-PLAY-zhah
overdevelopment of the thymus

68
Q

antibody

A

anti/body (against/body)
AN-tih-BAW-dee
substance produced by the body in response to an antigen

69
Q

antigen

A

anti/gen (againts/creation)
AN-tih-JIN
substance that causes the body to produce antibodies

70
Q

hematocrit

A

hemato/crit (blood/judge (separate))
hee-MAT-oh-krit
test to judge or separate the blood; it is used to determine the ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume

71
Q

hematology

A

hemato/logy (blood/study)
HEE-mah-TAW-loh-jee
study of the blood

72
Q

hemoglobin

A

hemo/globin (blood/globe)
HEE-moh-GLOH-bin
iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells

73
Q

hypoperfusion

A

hypo/per/fusion (under/through/pour)
HAI-poh-per-FYOO-zhun
inadequate flow of blood

74
Q

immunoglobulin

A

immuno/globulin (immune/globe)
im-MYOO-noh-GLAW-byoo-lin
protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease

75
Q

immunology

A

immuno/logy (immune/study)
IM-myoo-NAW-loh-jee
study of the immune system

76
Q

immunologist

A

immuno/logist (immune/specialist)
IM-myoo-NAW-loh-jist
specialist in the study of the immune system

77
Q

lymphangiogram

A

lymph/angio/gram (lymph/vessel/record)
lim-FAN-jee-oh-GRAM
record of the study of lymph vessels

78
Q

lymphangiography

A

lymph/angio/graphy (lymph/vessel/writing procedure)
lim-FAN-jee-AW-grah-fee
procedure to study the lymph vessels

79
Q

perfusion

A

per/fusion (through/pour)
per-FYOO-zhun
circulation of blood through tissue

80
Q

phlebology

A

phlebo/logy (vein/study of)
fleh-BAW-loh-jee
study of veins

81
Q

phlebotomist

A

phlebo/tom/ist (vein/cut/specialist)
fleh-BAW-toh-mist
specialist in drawing blood

82
Q

phlebotomy

A

phlebo/tomy (vein/incision)
fleh-BAW-toh-mee
incision into a vein; another name for drawing blood

83
Q

shygomomanometer

A

sphygmo/mano/meter (strangle/thin/instrument for measuring)
SFIG-moh-mah-NAW-meh-ter
fancy name for the device used to measure blood pressure

84
Q

autoimmune disease

A

auto/immune (self/immune)
AW-toh-ih-MYOON dih-ZEEZ
disease caused by the body’s immune system attacking the body’s own healthy tissue

85
Q

coagulopathy

A

coagulo/pathy (coagulation/disease)
coh-AG-yoo-LAW-pah-thee
any disease that deals with problems in blood coagulation

86
Q

deep vein thrombosis

A

deep vein thromb/osis (deep vein clot/condition)
DEEP VAYN throm-BOH-sis
formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, most commonly the leg

87
Q

hemoglobinopathy

A

hemo/globino/pathy (blood/globe/disease)
HEE-maw-GLOH-bin-AW-pah-thee
disease of the hemoglobin

88
Q

hypercoagulability

A

hyper/coagul/ability (over/coagulation/ability)
HAI-per-koh-AG-yoo-lah-BIL-ih-tee
increased ability of the blood to coagulate

89
Q

immunocompromised

A

immuno/compromised (immune/compromised)
ih-MYOO-noh-COM-proh-MAIZD
having an immune system incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease

90
Q

immunodeficiency

A

immuno/deficiency (immune/deficiency)
ih-MYOO-noh-deh-FIH-shin-see
immune system with decreased or compromised response to disease-causing organisms

91
Q

immunosuppression

A

immuno/suppression (immune/suppression)
ih-MYOO-noh-suh-PREH-shun
reduction in the activity of the body’s immune system

92
Q

ischemia

A

isch/emia (hold back/blood condition)
ih-SKEE-mee-ah
blockage of the blood flow to an organ

93
Q

phlebarteriectasia

A

phleb/arteri/ectasia (vein/artery/dilation)
FLEB-ar-TER-ee-ek-TAY-zhah
dilation of blood vessels

94
Q

spherocytosis

A

sphero/cyt/osis (sphere/cell/condition)
SFEER-oh-sai-TOH-sis
condition in which red blood cells assume a spherical shape

95
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

thrombo/phleb/itis (clot/vein/inflammation)
THROM-boh-fleh-BAI-tis
inflammation of vein caused by a clot

96
Q

anemia

A

an/emia (no/blood comdition)
ah-NEE-mee-ah
reduced red blood cells

97
Q

aplastic anemia

A

a/plas/tic an/emia (no/formation/pertaining to no/blood condition)
AY-plas-tik ah-NEE-mee-ah
anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

98
Q

hemolytic anemia

A

hemo/lytic an/emia (blood/breakdown no/blood condition)
HEE-moh-LIH-tik ah-NEE-mee-ah
anemia caused by inadequate iron intake

99
Q

bilirubinemia

A

bili/rubin/emia (bile/red/blood condition
BIH-lee-ROO-bin-EE-mee-ah
presence of bilirubin in the blood

100
Q

bilirubinemia

A

hyper/bili/rubin/emia (over/bile/red/blood condition
HAI-per-BIH-lee-ROO-bin-EE-mee-ah
excessive bilirubin in the blood

101
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

hyper/cholesterol/emia (over/cholesterol/blood condition)
HAI-per-koh-LES-ter-ol-EE-mee-ah
excessive cholesterol in the blood

102
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

hyper/lipid/emia (over/fat/blood condition)
HAI-per-LIH-pid-EE-mee-ah
excessive fat in the blood

103
Q

hypervolemia

A

hyper/vol/emia (over/volume/blood condition)
HAI-per-voh-LEE-mee-ah
increased blood volume

104
Q

hypovolemia

A

hypo/vol/emia (under/volume/blood condition)
HAI-poh-voh-LEE-mee-ah
decreased blood volume

105
Q

septicemia

A

septic/emia (rotting/blood condition)
SEP-tih-SEE-mee-ah
presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the blood

106
Q

uremia

A

ur/emia (urine/blood condition)
yoo-REE-mee-ah
presence of urine in the blood

107
Q

hepatosplenitis

A

hepato/splen/itis (liver/spleen/inflammation)
hih-PAT-oh-SPLEEN-ai-tis
inflammation of the liver and spleen

108
Q

hypersplenism

A

hyper/splen/ism (over/spleen/condition)
HAI-per-SPLEEN-izm
increased spleen activity

109
Q

lymphadenitis

A

lymph/aden/itis (lymph/gland/inflammation)
LIM-fad-eh-NAI-tis
inflammation of a lymph gland (node)

110
Q

lymphangiectasia

A

lymph/angi/ectasia (lymph/vessel/dilation)
lim-FAN-jee-ek-TAY-zhah
dilation of a lymph vessel, normally noticed by swelling in the extremities

111
Q

lymphangitis

A

lymph/ang/itis (lymph/vessel/inflammation)
LIM-fan-JAI-tis
inflammation of lymph vessels

112
Q

mononucleosis

A

mono/nucle/osis (one/nucleus/condition)
MAW-noh-NOO-klee-OH-sis
condition characterized by an abnormally large number of mononuclear leukocytes

113
Q

myelodysplasia

A

myelo/dys/plas/ia (bone marrow/bad/formation/condition)
MAI-el-oh-dis-PLAY-zhah
disease characterized by poor production of blood cells by the bone marrow

114
Q

osteomyelitis

A

osteo/myel/itis (bone/bone marrow/inflammation)
AW-stee-oh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow

115
Q

splenitis

A

splen/itis (spleen/inflammation)
splee-NAI-tis
inflammation of the spleen

116
Q

splenopathy

A

spleno/pathy (spleen/disease)
splee-NAW-pah-thee
any disease of the spleen

117
Q

splenorrhexis

A

spleno/rrhexis (spleen/rupture)
SPLEE-noh-REK-sis
rupture of the spleen

118
Q

thymopathy

A

thymo/pathy (thymus/disease)
thai-MAW-pah-thee
disease of the thymus

119
Q

tonsillitis

A

tonsill/itis (tonsil/inflammation)
TON-sil-AI-tis
inflammation of a tonsil

120
Q

leukemia

A

leuk/emia (white/blood condition)
loo-KEE-mee-ah
cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the abnormal increase in white blood cells

121
Q

lymphoma

A

lymph/oma (lymph/tumor)
lim-FOH-mah
tumor originating in lymphocytes

122
Q

myeloma

A

myel/oma (bone marrow/tumor)
MAI-eh-LOH-mah
cancerous tumor of the bone marrow; when the tumors are present in several bones, it is called multiple myeloma

123
Q

thymoma

A

thym/oma (thymus/tumor)
thai-MOH-mah
tumor of the thymus

124
Q

anticoagulant

A

anti/coagul/ant (against/coagulation/agent)
AN-tee-coh-AG-yoo-lant
drug that prevents the coagulation of blood

125
Q

hemostatic

A

hemo/static (blood/standing)
HEE-moh-STAT-ik
drug that stops the flow of blood

126
Q

thrombolytic

A

thrombo/lytic (clot/breakdown agent)
THROM-boh-LIH-tik
drug that breaks down blood clots

127
Q

laparosplenectomy

A

laparo/splen/ectomy (abdomen/spleen/removal)
LAP-ah-roh-splee-NEK-toh-mee
surgical removal of the spleen through the abdomen

128
Q

lymphadenectomy

A

lymph/aden/ectomy (lymph/gland/removal)
lim-FAD-eh-NEK-toh-mee
surgical removal of a lymph gland (node)

129
Q

nephrosplenopexy

A

nephro/spleno/pexy (kidney/spleen/fixation)
NEF-roh-SPLEE-noh-PEK-see
surgical fixation of the spleen and a kidney

130
Q

splenectomy

A

splen/ectomy (spleen/removal)
spleh-NEK-toh-mee
surgical removal of the spleen

131
Q

thymectomy

A

thym/ectomy (thymus/removal)
thai-MEK-toh-mee
rsurgical removal of the thymus

132
Q

tonsillectomy

A

tonsill/ectomy (tonsil/removal)
TON-sil-EK-toh-mee
surgical removal of a tonsil

133
Q

apheresis

A

Greek for separation
AH-fer-EE-sis
general term for a process, similar to dialysis, that draws out a patient’s blood, removes something from it, then returns the rest of the blood to the patient’s body

134
Q

cytapheresis

A

cyt/apheresis (cell/separation)

apheresis to remove cellular material

135
Q

plasmapheresis

A

plasm/apheresis (plasma/separation)
PLAZ-mah-feh-REE-sis
apheresis to remove plasma

136
Q

plateletpheresis

A

platelet/pheresis (platelet/separation)
PLAYT-let-feh-REE-sis
apheresis to remove platelets (for the purpose of donating them to patients in need of platelets)

137
Q

transfusion

A

trans/fusion (across/pour)
tranz-FYOO-zhun
infusion into a patient of blood from another source

138
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

139
Q

ALL

A

acute lymphoblastic leukemia

140
Q

AML

A

acute myeloid leukemia

141
Q

BMT

A

bone marrow transplant

142
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

143
Q

CML

A

chronic myeloid leukemia

144
Q

DIC

A

disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

145
Q

EBV

A

Epstein-Barr virus

146
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

147
Q

Hct

A

hematrocrit

148
Q

Hgb

A

hemoglobin

149
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

150
Q

HSM

A

hepatosplenomegaly

151
Q

HUS

A

hemolytic uremia syndrome

152
Q

INR

A

international uremic syndrome

153
Q

ITP

A

idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

154
Q

IV

A

intravenous

155
Q

IVIG

A

intravenous immunoglobin

156
Q

LAD

A

lymphadenopathy

157
Q

PLT

A

platelet count

158
Q

PT

A

prothrombin time

159
Q

PTT

A

partial thromboplastin time

160
Q

RBC

A

red blood count; red blood cell

161
Q

TTP

A

thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

162
Q

WBC

A

white blood count; white blood cell

NURS 105 - Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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