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NURS 105 - Medical Terminology > Ch. 7: Word Parts of the Endocrine System > Flashcards

Ch. 7: Word Parts of the Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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2
Q

adren/o

adrenal/o

A

adrenal gland

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3
Q

cortic/o

A

outer surface

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4
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads (sex organs)

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5
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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6
Q

pituitar/o

hypophys/o

A

pituitary gland

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7
Q

thym/o

A

thymus

an organ found in the upper chest, under the sternum and in front of the heart

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8
Q

thyr/o

thyroid/o

A

thyroid

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9
Q

gluc/o
glucos/o
glyc/o

A

sugar

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10
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

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11
Q

hormon/o

A

hormone

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12
Q

ket/o

A

ketone body

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13
Q

-tropin

A

stimulating hormone

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14
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

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15
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

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16
Q

adenalgia

A

aden/algia (gland/pain)
AD-eh-NAL-jah
pain in the gland

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17
Q

adrenal virilism

A

adrenal viril/ism (adrenal man/condition)
ad-REE-nal VIR-il-izm
development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland

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18
Q

adrenarche

A

adren/arche (adrenal/beginning)
AD-ren-AR-kay
beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty)

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19
Q

hirsutism

A

Latin for shaggy
HIR-soo-tizm
excessive growth of facial and body hair in women

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20
Q

amenorrhea

A

a/meno/rrhea (no/menstrual/flow)
ah-MEN-or-REE-ah
lack of menstrual flow

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21
Q

gynecomastia

A

gyneco/mast/ia (woman/breast/condition)
GAI-neh-koh-MAS-tee-ah
development of breast tissue in males

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22
Q

hypergonadism

A

hyper/gonad/ism (over/gonad/condition)
HAI-per-GOH-nad-izm
condition in which there is excessive secretion of the sex glands

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23
Q

hypogonadism

A

hypo/gonad/ism (under/gonad/condition)
HAI-poh-GOH-nad-izm
condition in which there is undersecretion of the sex glands

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24
Q

menarche

A

men/arche (menstrual beginning)
MEN-ar-kee
beginning or first menstruation

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25
thelarche
thel/arche (breast/beginning) thee-LAR-kee beginning of breast development
26
hypoglycemic
hypo/glyc/em/ic (under/sugar/blood/pertaining to) HAY-poh-glai-SEE-mik pertaining to low blood sugar
27
pancreatalgia
pancreat/algia (pancreas/pain) PAN-kree-ah-TAL-jah pain in the pancreas
28
polydipsia
poly/dips/ia (many/thirst/condition) PAW-lee-DIP-see-ah excessive thirst
29
polyphagia
poly/phag/ia (many/eat/condition) PAW-lee-FAY-jah excessive eating
30
polyuria
poly/uria (many/urine) PAW-lee-YOO-ree-ah excessive urination
31
acromegaly
acro/megaly (extremeties/enlargement) AK-roh-MEH-gah-lee abnormal enlargement of the extremities
32
galactorrhea
galacto/rrhea (milk/discharge) gah-LAK-toh-REE-ah discharge of milk
33
pituitary dawrfism
pituitary dwarfism pih-TOO-ih-TER-ee DWAR-fizm abnormally short height caused by undersecretioi of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
34
pituitary gigantism
pituitary gigantism pih-TOO-ih-TER-ee jai-GAN-tizm abnormally tall height caused by oversecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
35
exophthalmos
ex/ophthalmos (out/eye) EKS-of-THAL-mohs protrusion of the eye out of the socket
36
goiter
Latin for gutter (throat) GOY-ter swollen thyroid gland
37
thryocele
thyro/cele (thyroid/hernia) THAI-roh-seel another name for goiter
38
thyromegaly
thyro/megaly (thyroid/enlargement) THAI-roh-MEH-gah-lee enlargement of the thyroid
39
thyroptosis
thyro/ptosis (thyroid/drooping) THAI-rop-TOH-sis downward drooping condition
40
acidemia
acid/emia (acid/blood condition) | A-sih-DEE-mee-ah
41
alkalemia
alkal/emia (alkali/blood condition) AL-kah-LEE-mee-ah abnormal alkalinity (opposite of acidity) of the blood
42
calciuria
calci/uria (calcium/urine condition) CAL-sih-YOO-ree-ah calcium in the urine
43
chloremia
chlor/emia (chloride/blood condition) klor-EE-mee-ah increased chloride in the blood
44
euglycemia
eu/glyc/emia (good/sugar/blood condition) YOO-glai-SEE-mee-ah good blood sugar
45
glucosuria
glucos/uria (sugar/urine condition) GLOO-koh-SOO-ree-ah sugar in the urine
46
hypercalcemia
hyper/calc/emia (over/calcium/blood condition) HAI-per-kal-SEE-mee-ah excessive calcium in the blood
47
hypercholesterolemia
hyper/cholesterol/emia (over/cholesterol/blood condition) HAI-per-koh-LES-ter-aw-LEE-mee-ah excessive cholesterol in the blood
48
hyperglycemia
hyper/glyc/emia (over/sugar/blood condition) HAI-per-glai-SEE-mee-ah high blood sugar
49
hyperkalemia
hyper/kal/emia (over/potassium/blood condition) HAI-per-kah-LEE-mee-ah excessive potassium in the blood
50
hyperlipidemia
hyper/lipid/emia (over/fat/blood condition) HAI-per-ih-pih-DEE-mee-ah excessive fat in the blood
51
hypernatremia
hyper/natr/emia (over/sodium/blood condition) HAI-per-nah-TREE-mee-ah excessive sodium in the blood
52
hyperphosphatemia
hyper/phosphat/emia (over/phosphate/blood condition) HAI-per-FAWS-fay-TEE-mee-ah excessive phosphate in the blood
53
hypoglycemia
hypo/glyc/emia (under/sugar/blood condition) HAI-poh-glai-SEE-mee-ah low blood sugar
54
ketonuria
keton/uria (ketone/urine condition) KEE-toh-NYOO-ree-ah ketone bodies in the urine
55
polyuria
poly/uria (excessive/urine condition) PAW-lee-YOO-ree-ah excessive urination
56
uremia
ur/emia (urine/blood condition) yoo-REE-mee-ah presence of urinary waste in the blood
57
adrenaline
ad/renal/ine (on/kidney/chemical) ad-REN-ah-lin hormone secreted by the adrenal gland
58
epinephrine
epi/nephr/ine (upon/kidney/chemical) EH-pee-NEF-rin hormone secreted by the adrenal gland
59
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
adreno/cortico/trop/ic (adrenal/cortex/stimulating/pertaining to) ah-DreH-noh-KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pik HOR-mohn hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland
60
corticotropin
cortico/tropin (cortex/stimulating) KOR-tih-koh-TROH-pin shorter name for adrenocorticotropic hormone
61
glucagon
gluc/agon (sugar/lead) GLOO-kah-gawn hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels
62
glucocorticoid
gluco/cortic/oid (sugar/cortex/resembling) GLOO-koh-KOR-tih-koyd hormone produced by the adrenal cortex with a role in carbohydrate metabolism
63
gonadotropin
gonado/tropin (gonad/strimulating) goh-NAD-oh-TROH-pin hormone that stimulates the gonads
64
insulin
insul/in (island/chemical) IN-suh-lin hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugar and fats
65
thyrotropin
thyro/tropin (thyroid/stimulating) THAI-roh-TROH-pin hormone that stimulates the thyroid
66
adenomegaly | adrenomegaly
``` adeno/megaly (gland/enlargement) ah-DEN-oh-MEH-gah-lee adreno/megaly (gland/enlargement) ad-REN-oh-MEH-gah-lee abnormal enlargement of a gland ```
67
euthyroid
eu/thyroid (good/thyroid) YOO-thai-royd normal functioning thyroid
68
gluconeogenesis
gluco/neo/genesis (sugar/new/formation) GLOO-koh-NEE-oh-JIN-eh-sis formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources
69
glycolysis
glyco/lysis (sugar/loosen) glai-KAW-lih-sis breakdown of sugar
70
glycopenia
glyco/penia (sugar/deficiency) GLAI-koh-PEE-nee-ah deficiency of sugar
71
gonadogenesis
gonado/genesis (gonad/formation) goh-NAD-oh-JIN-eh-sis creation/development of gonads
72
metabolism
meta/bol/ism (over/throw/condition) meh-TAB-oh-LIZM breakdown of matter into energy
73
endocrine
endo/crine (inside/secretion) EN-doh-krin to secrete internally (into the bloodstream)
74
endocrinologist
endo/crino/logist (inside/secretion/specialist) EN-doh-krih-NAW-loh-jist specialist in internal secretions
75
exocrine
exo/crine (outside/secretion) EKS-oh-krin to secrete externally (through ducts to the surface of an organ; sweat glands and salivary glands)
76
glycemic index
glyc/em/ic (sugar/blood/pertaining to) glai-SEE-mik IN-deks ranking of food based on the way it affects sugar levels in the blood
77
ketogenesis
keto/genesis (ketone/creation) KEE-toh-JIN-eh-sis creation of ketone bodies
78
thyroid function tests
thyroid function tests THAI-roid FUNK-shun TESTS tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid
79
cholangiopancreatography
chol/angio/pancreato/graphy (bile/vessel/pancreas/writing procedure) KOHL-AN-jee-oh-PAN-kree-ah-TAW-grah-fee procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas
80
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
endo/scop/ic retro/grade chol/angio/pancreato/graphy (inside/looking/pertaining to backward/step bile/vessel/pancreas/writing procedure) EN-doh SKAW-pik REH-troh-GRAYD KOHL-AN-jee-oh-PAN-kree-ah-TAW-grah-fee procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct
81
adenitis
aden/itis (gland/inflammation) AD-en-AI-tis inflammation of a gland
82
adenopathy
adeno/pathy (gland/disease) AD-eh-NOP-ah-thee gland disease
83
adenosis
aden/osis (gland/condition) AD-en-OH-sis gland condition
84
dysmetabolic syndrome
dys/metabolic syn/drome (bad/metabolism together/running) DIS-meh-tah-BAW-lik SIN-drohm combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism
85
ketosis
ket/osis (ketone body/condition) kee-TOH-sis condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood
86
polyadenopathy
poly/adeno/pathy (many/gland/disease) PAW-lee-AD-eh-NOP-ah-thee disease involving many glands
87
adrenal insufficiency
adrenal in/sufficiency (adrenal not/adequate) ad-REE-nal IN-suh-FIH-shun-see condition in which the adrenal glands underproduce necessary hormones
88
adenalitis
adrenal/itis (adrenal/inflammation) ad-REE-nah-LAI-tis inflammation of the adrenal gland
89
adrenocortical insufficiency
adreno/cortic/al in/sufficiency (adrenal/cortex/pertaining to not/adequate) ad-REE-noh-KOR-tih-kal IN-suh-FIH-shun-see condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones
90
adrenocorticohyperplasia
adreno/cortico/hyper/plasia (adrenal/cortex/over/formation) ad-REE-noh-KOR-tih-koh-HAI-per-PLAY-zhah overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland
91
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
con/genit/al adrenal hyper/plasia (with/birth/pertaining to adrenal over/formation) kon-JEN-ih-tal ad-REE-nal HAI-per-PLAY-zhah genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others
92
diabetes mellitus
``` diabetes mellitus (pass through honey) DAI-ah-BEE-teez MEH-lih-tis metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia ```
93
diabetic ketoacidosis
diabet/ic keto/acid/osis (diabetes/pertaining to ketone/acid/condition) DAI-ah-BEH-tik KEE-toh-ASS-ih-DOH-sis acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar; thus, it must burn fat for energy
94
pancreatic pseudocyst
pancreat/ic pseudo/cyst (pancreas/pertaining to false/cyst) PAN-kree-at-il SOO-doh-sist abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst
95
pancreatitis
pancreat/itis (pancreas/inflammation) PAN-kree-ah-TAI-tis inflammation of the pancreas
96
pancreatolith
pancreato/lith (pancreas/stone) PAN-kree-AT-oh-lith stone in the pancreas
97
pancreatolithiasis
pancreato/lith/iasis (pancreas/stone/presence) PAN-kree-at-oh-lih-THAI-ah-sis presence of a stone in the pancreas
98
hyperpituitarism
hyper/pituitar/ism (over/pituitary/condition) HAI-per-pih-TOO-ih-tar-IZM overfunctioning of the pituitary gland
99
hypophysitis
hypophys/itis (pituitary/inflammation) hai-PAWF-ih-SAI-tis inflammation of the pituitary gland
100
hypopituitarism
hypo/pituitar/ism (under/pituitary/condition) HAI-poh-pih-TOO-ih-tar-IZM condition cause by the undersecretion of the pituitary gland
101
panhypopituitarism
pan/hypo/pituitar/ism (all/under/pituitary/condition) PAN-HAI-poh-pih-TOO-ih-tar-IZM defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland
102
pituitary infarction
pituitary in/farc/tion (pituitary in/stuff/condition) pih-TOO-ih-TEH-ree in-FARK-shun death of the pituitary gland
103
hyperparathyroidism
hyper/para/thyroid/ism (over/beside/thyroid/condition) HAI-per-PAR-ah-THAI-roid-IZM overproduction by the parathyroid glands
104
hyperthyroidism
hyper/thyroid/ism (over/thyroid/condition) HAI-per-THAI-roid-IZM overproduction by the thyroid
105
hypoparathyroidism
hypo/para/thyroid/ism (under/beside/thyroid/condition) HAI-poh-PAR-ah-THAI-roid-IZM underproduction by the parathyroid
106
hypothyroidism
hypo/thyroid/ism (under/thyroid/condition) HAI-poh-THAI-roid-IZM underproduction by the thyroid
107
thyroiditis
thyroid/itis (thyroid/inflammation) THAI-roid-AI-tis inflammation of the thyroid
108
thyrotoxicosis
thyro/toxic/osis (thyroid/poison/condition) THAI-roh-TOKS-ih-KOH-sis condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone (an extreme version of this is known as "thyroid storm")
109
adenocarcinoma
adeno/carcin/oma (gland/cancer/tumor) ad-EN-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-mah cancerous tumor of a gland
110
adenoma
aden/oma (gland/tumor) AD-eh-NOH-mah glandular tumor
111
adrenal adenoma
adrenal aden/oma (adrenal gland/tumor) ad-REE-nal AD-eh-NOH-mah tumor of the adrenal gland
112
adrenocortical carcinoma
adreno/cortic/al carcin/oma (adrenal/cortex/pertaining to cancer/tumor) ad-REE-noh-KOR-tih-kal KAR-sih-NOH-mah cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland
113
insulinoma
insulin/oma (insulin/tumor) IN-suh-lih-NOH-mah tumor that secretes insulin (found in the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas)
114
parathyroidoma
para/thyroid/oma (beside/thyroid/tumor) PAR-ah-THAI-roid-OH-mah tumor of the parathyroid
115
pituitary adenoma
pituitary aden/oma (pituitary gland/tumor) pih-TOO-ih-TEH-ree AD-eh-NOH-mah tumor on the pituitary gland
116
thymoma
thym/oma (thymus/tumor) thai-MOH-mah tumor of the thymus
117
continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
continuous sub/cutaenous insulin in/fus/ion (continuous beneath/skin insulin in/pour/procuss) kun-TIN-yoo-us SUB-koo-TAY-nee-us IN-suh-lin in-FYOO-zhun continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump inserted under the skin
118
thyroidotoxin
thyroido/toxin (thyroid/poison) thai-ROID-oh-TOK-sin substance poisonous to the thyroid gland
119
adenectomy
aden/ectomy (gland/removal) AD-eh-NEK-toh-mee removal of a gland
120
ketogenic diet
keto/genic diet (ketone/generation) KEE-toh-JIN-ik DAI-et diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body
121
thymectomy
thym/ectomy (thymus/removal) thai-MEK-toh-mee removal of the thymus
122
adrenalectomy
adrenal/ectomy (adrenal/removal) ad-REE-nal-EK-toh-mee renoval of the adrenal gland
123
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
laparo/scop/ic adrenal/ectomy (abdomen/looking/pertaining to adrenal/removal) LAP-ah-roh-SKAW-pik ad-REE-nal-EK-toh-mee removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope (instrument inserted into the abdomen for viewing)
124
pancreatectomy
pancreat/ectomy (pancreas/removal) PAN-kree-ah-TEK-toh-mee removal of the pancreas
125
pancreatolithectomy
pancreat/lith/ectomy (pancreas/stone/removal) PAN-kree-ah-toh-lih-THEK-toh-mee removal of a stone in the pancreas
126
hypophysectomy
hypophys/ectomy (pituitary/removal) hai-POF-is-EK-toh-mee removal of the pituitary gland
127
parathyroidectomy
para/thyroid/ectomy (beside/thyroid/removal) PAR-ah-THAI-roid-EK-toh-mee removal of the parathyroid
128
thyroidectomy
thyroid/ectomy (thyroid/removal) THAI-roid-EK-toh-mee removal of the thyroid
129
thyroidotomy
thyroido/tomy (thyroid/incision) THAI-roid-AW-toh-mee incision into the thyroid
130
thyroparathyroidectomy
thyro/para/thyroid/ectomy (thyroid/beside/thyroid/removal) THAI-roh-PAR-ah-THAI-roid-EK-toh-me removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands
131
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
132
BS
blood sugar
133
CGM
continuous glucose monitor
134
DI
diabetes insipidus
135
DM
diabetes mellitus
136
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
137
FBS
fasting blood sugar
138
GDM
gestational diabetes mellitus
139
GH
growth hormone
140
GTT
glucose tolerance test
141
HgA1C
hemoglobin A1C test (used by diabetes patients to monitor blood sugar levels)
142
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
143
TFT
thyroid funtion test
144
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotopin)
145
T3
triiodothyronine (one of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid)
146
T4
thyroxine (one of two primary hormones produced by the thyroid)

NURS 105 - Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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