Ch 8 Special Senses

Question 0

Blind spot

Answer 0

small area on the retina that is insensitive to light due to the interruption, where the optic nerve joins the retina, of the normal pattern of light-sensitive rods and cones

Question 1

Accommodation

Answer 1

the automatic adjustment by which the eye adapts itself to distinct vision at different distances

Question 2

Chemoreceptors

Answer 2

sensory nerve cell or sense organ, as of smell or taste, that responds to chemical stimuli

Question 3

Choroid

Answer 3

the brownish vascular membrane of the eyeball between the sclera and the retina

Question 4

Ciliary body

Answer 4

the part of the tunic of the eye, between the choroid coat and the iris, consisting chiefly of the ciliary muscle and the ciliary processes

Question 5

Cochlea

Answer 5

a spiral-shaped cavity forming a division of the internal ear in humans and in most other mammals

Question 6

Cornea

Answer 6

the transparent anterior part of the external coat of the eye covering the iris and the pupil and continuous with the sclera

Question 7

Crista ampullaris

Answer 7

sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear

Question 8

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 8

state of balance achieved by two forces in motion; also, a state of apparent repose between two reactions going in opposite directions at equal speed

Question 9

Iris

Answer 9

the contractile, circular diaphragm forming the colored portion of the eye and containing a circular opening, the pupil, in its center

Question 10

Labyrinth

Answer 10

the aggregate of air chambers in the ethmoid bone, between the eye and the upper part of the nose

Question 11

Lens

Answer 11

a doubly convex, transparent body in the eye, situated behind the iris, that focuses incident light on the retina

Question 12

Maculae

Answer 12

an irregularly oval, yellow-pigmented area on the central retina, containing color-sensitive rods and the central point of sharpest vision

Question 13

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 13

any of the sense organs that respond to vibration, stretching, pressure, or other mechanical stimuli

Question 14

Olfactory receptors

Answer 14

Senses for smell

Question 15

Organ of corti

Answer 15

a structure in the cochlea of a mammal, consisting of hair cells that serve as receptors for auditory stimuli

Question 16

Ossicles

Answer 16

located next to the eardrum inside our ears, are the tiniest bones in our body

Question 17

Photoreceptors

Answer 17

light-sensitive cell or organ that conveys impulses through the sensory neuron connected to it

Question 18

Refraction

Answer 18

the ability of the eye to refract light that enters it so as to form an image on the retina

Question 19

Retina

Answer 19

the innermost coat of the posterior part of the eyeball that receives the image produced by the lens, is continuous with the optic nerve, and consists of several layers, one of which contains the rods and cones that are sensitive to light

Question 20

Sclera

Answer 20

a dense, white, fibrous membrane that, with the cornea, forms the external covering of the eyeball

Question 21

Semicircular canals

Answer 21

any of the three curved tubular canals in the labyrinth of the ear, associated with the sense of equilibrium

Question 22

Static equilibrium

Answer 22

condition in which all influences acting cancel each other, so that a static or balanced situation results

Question 23

Taste buds

Answer 23

one of numerous small, flask-shaped bodies, chiefly in the epithelium of the tongue, which are the end organs for the sense of taste

Question 24

Tympanic cavity

Answer 24

middle portion of the ear, consisting of the tympanic membrane and an air-filled chamber lined with mucous membrane, that contains the malleus, incus, and stapes

Question 25

Vestibule

Answer 25

any of various cavities or hollows regarded as forming an approach or entrance to another cavity or space, as that of the internal ear