Ch 8 Skeletal muscle relaxants Flashcards
Type of tissue for skeletal m.
Striated muscle tissue
Muscle fibers contract in response to ___, released at the neuromuscular junction
Acetylcholine
5 steps of the neuromuscular junction
- presynaptic terminal
- sarcolemma
- synaptic vesicle
- nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
- mitochondria
When drug or toxin acts directly on some part of the neuromuscular junction
Peripheral action
When drug or toxin acts on the CNS to suppress the action potentials that connect to the presynaptic terminal
Central action
Small molecule produced by a pathogen, it is poisonous
Toxin
What is the peripheral action of botulism toxin?
Inhibit the release of synaptic vesicle which prevents activity of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Botulism toxin is _____. A person infected is said to have ____
anti-cholinergic
botulism
Couple of symptoms of botulism
dry mouth and throat
decreased production of saliva
postural hypotension
decreased peristalsis and constipation
decreased respiratory contractions
trouble breathing
can be fatal due to paralysis/coma
What is the name of the Botulism toxin that is highly diluted?
BoTox
What is the use of BoTox
Neuromuscular diseases such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis
Disorders like facial twitching, dystonia, excessive sweating, chronic migraine
Example of peripheral action drug
Botulism toxin
Example of centrally acting drug
benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines acts as a ___ for an inhibitor, meaning ____
agonist, meaning it will suppress brain functions
Use of benzodiazepines
Treat muscle spasm
Disorders with muscle spasm
Convulsions
What are the side effects of central suppression?
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Blurred vision
Sedation
Depression
Rarely coma (death)
Constipation
Pupil dilation
Small increase in HR
Urinary problems
Contraindicated with alcohol
Increased intraocular pressure, do not combine with glaucoma
Name the drugs that can be contraindicated with peripheral or central acting drugs
Anti-histamines
Opioid analgesics
Many psychiatric drugs
Atropine in medical procedures or motion sickness products
Name the products that are okay tu use if approved in pharmacy
Aspirin
Codeine
Acetaminophen
Caffeine
Non-drug options to treat muscle spasms and pain
Cryotherapy
Moist heat
Massage
Stretching
