Ch 8 Project Quality Management Flashcards
Project Quality Management
Knowledge area that Includes the processes for incorporating the organization’s quality policy regarding planning, managing, and controlling project and product quality requirements in order to meet stakeholders’ objectives
Quality
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements
Must always be high
Grade
A design intent; a category assigned to deliverables having the same functional use, but different technical characteristics
Also known as “features”
Can be low or high
Voice of the Customer (VOC)
A technique for capturing all customer requirements for the project, service, or result, which should be included as part of the project
Just In Time
A practice in which a product-based company should have very low or no inventory to:
- Always maintain the latest products
- Ensure a higher quality inventory
- Ensure a lower overall inventory cost
Continuous Improvement (Kaizen)
Theory of making small changes to improve (the quality of) a product or service
Prevention over Inspection
Approach to quality management that is prevention-driven; quality is planned, designed, and built into the deliverables to avoid costs associated with fixing defects
Attribute Sampling
A method of measuring quality that consists of observing the presence (or absence) of some characteristics (attributes); measurements are recorded as one or zero; there is no middle ground in attribute sampling
Variable Sampling
A method of measuring quality that consists of how well something meets the requirements; it can be okay, good, very good, bad, or very bad; in other words, it has a middle ground
Plan Quality
The process of identifying the quality requirements and/or standards for a project and then documenting how the project will meet them
Knowledge Area: Quality
Process Group: Planning
Inputs:
- Project Charter
- Stakeholder Register
- Risk Register
Tools:
- Data Gathering
- Benchmarking
- Data Analysis
- Cost of Quality
Outputs:
- Quality Management Plan
- Quality Metrics
Benchmarking
A data gathering technique and best practice that involves comparing your quality requirements to other projects’ quality requirements
A tool used to help execute the Plan Quality Management process (Quality/Planning)
Cost of Conformance
to Quality Requirements
Includes all costs associated with meeting the quality requirements, including the prevention and appraisal costs, such as training, materials, equipment, inspection, machinery maintenance, field testing, and procedure checking
An important cost of quality concept for the Plan Quality Management process (Quality/Planning)
Cost of Nonconformance
to Quality Requirements
Includes the internal and external costs of defects and failures, such as rework or scrap and the loss of business or liabilities
An important cost of quality concept for the Plan Quality Management process (Quality/Planning)
Quality Management Plan
The management plan that shows how the organization’s quality policy and project quality requirements will be met
It mainly includes the activities that the project team will do to ensure the deliverables meet all the quality requirements
An output of the Plan Quality Management process (Quality/Planning)
An input to the Develop Project Management Plan process (Integration/Planning)
Quality Metrics
Metrics that are used to measure the project quality for either the deliverables or the processes
An output of the Plan Quality Management process (Quality/Planning)
[An input to the:
- Manage Quality (quality assurance) process (Quality/Executing)
- Control Quality process (Quality/M&C)
Manage Quality
The process of ensuring (as the deliverables are being made) that they will meet their quality requirements
This process looks at the processes used to produce the deliverabies and involves QA, which is done to ensure that a project follows and improves those processes
Knowledge Area: Quality
Process Group: Executing
Inputs:
- None
Tools:
- Data Gathering
- Checklist
- Data Analysis
- Root Cause Analysis
- Data Representation
- Flowcharts
- Audits
Outputs:
- Quality Reports
Checklist
A tool used by the project team to gather quality data and verify that the deliverables are checked correcty and meeting the quality requirements
A tool used to help execute the Manage Quality process (Quality/Executing)
Root Cause Analysis
A data analysis technique used to look for the root causes of defects
A tool used to help execute the Manage Quality process (Quality/Executing)
Flowcharts
A data representation technique that shows a graphical representation of the process and any room for improvements
A tool used to help execute the Manage Quality process (Quality/Executing)
Audits
A structured, independent process usually done by the PMO or external/internal aduitors to ensure that the project activities comply with organizational and project processes and procedures
Risk audits are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management processes
A tool used to help execute the
- Manage Quality process (Quality/Executing)
- Monitor Risks process (Risk/M&C)
- Control Procurements process (Procurements/M&C)
Quality Reports
A report that generally includes information about quality issues on a project and recommendations on how to improve the processes being used
An output of the Manage Quality process (Quality/Executing)
Control Quality
The process of inspecting the deliverables to see if they meet the quality requirements
Knowledge Area: Quality
Process Group: Monitoring & Controlling
Inputs:
- Deliverables
Tools:
- Data Gathering
- Checksheets
- Data Analysis
- Inspection
- Data Representation
- Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
- Control Charts
- Scatter Diagrams
- Histograms
- Pareto Diagram
Outputs:
- Quality Control Measurements
- Verified Deliverables
Checksheets
A technique used to gather data on defects and keep a running total or tally
A tool used to help execute the Control Quality process (Quality/M&C)
Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
A data representation technique also known as an Ishikawa or fishbone diagram that will help identify the causes of defects and the root causes of potential defects
A tool used to help execute the Control Quality process (Quality/M&C)
