Ch 8 Nail Structure And Growth Flashcards
Hard protective plate at end of finger or toe appendage off skin learn about it to protect natural nail structure and growth
Natural nail
All parts from the tip to the first knuckle ______. Or “_____”
Made of keratin : fiber shaped protein more durable than keratin on hair or skin.
A _____ Is firm flexible shiny and slightly pink, whitish translucent, Smooth unspotted no splits or deep grooves. More porous than skin. Water content relative to environment & effects flexibility. ____%. Low water more rigid. Using oil conditioner or polish coat reduces water loss or prevent excess absorption ^^increase flexibility.
Natural nail unit
Onyx
Healthy nail
15-25
Natural nail made up of : Nail bed Matrix Nail plate Cuticle Eponychium Hyponychium Ligaments Nail folds
All form the _____
Nail unit
______ the Hardened keratin plate on top of nail bed. Slowly slides along nail bed as it grows. Most visible and functional part of nail unit. Formed by the matrix cells. The matrix only creates nail plate cells. About 100 layers of cells
The_____extends over the tip of fingers and toes
Nail plate
____portion of living skin richly supplies blood vessels and nerves and is attached to the ______. Which helps guide the nail plate along as it grows .
Nail bed
Bed epithelium
_____area where nail plate cells are formed. Composed of ____cells that become the nail plate.
The visible part of the matrix is called the ____it shows the true color of the matrix not all are visible . Some hide under eponychium. Growth Can be affected by injury disease and poor health
Matrix
Matrix
Lunula
_____dead colorless tissue attached to the nail plate. Comes from the underside of skin that lies above natural plate. Tissue is sticky and hard to remove from plate. Seals space between plate and live skin (eponychium) to prevent infection.
Cuticle
Cuticle moisturizers conditioners softeners are designed for the _______ , ______,&______. Not for the cuticle
Cuticle ______ are properly named and quickly dissolve soft tissue and speed removal of stubborn cuticle tissue.
Eponychium
Lateral sidewalls
Hyponichuum
Remover’s
______the livin skin at base of nail plate , covered matrix and lunula, bleeds if cut, covers matrix often mistaken for the cuticle. Cuticle is dead tissue adhered to the plate . Thin, colorless, not attached to living skin. and comes from the underside of this area where it completely detaches from eponychium.
Nails techs are allowed to push back eponychium but not cut or trim .
Eponychium
_____slightly thickened layer of skin between fingertip and free edge of plate. Barrier for germs into nail bed. If damaged, plate Can separate from bed. &Create infections.
Hyponychium
____tough band fibrous tissue connects bones or holds organs in place. Special ones attach to nail bed and Matrix bed to underlying bone. Located at base of matrix around edges of bed.
Ligament
______folds of normal skin that surround nail plate. They form the nail ____ or furrow on each side of nail.
______also called lateral nail foil is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail.
Nail folds
Groove
Sidewall
Growth of plate affected by health nutrition exercise. Normal plate s grow forward from the matrix. Extends over tip of finger. Grow , shape depend on shape of matrix.
The length width and curvature determine thickness width and curvature of plate .
Example: longer matrix= _____nail plate.
Highly curved matrix creates =_____free edge
Nothing Can make the nail plate grow thicker this would require matrix size to grow larger
Thicker
Highly curved
Average rate of growth of nail plate is______ (2.5-3mm)/ month. Grow faster in summer. Children’s faster than elderly. ____ finger grows fastest. Thumb the slowest. Growth increase a in last trimester of pregnancy due to hormonal changes. And decreases dramatically after birth back to normal. Growth not due to prenatal vitamins
~1/10” to 1/8”
~1/10” to 1/8”
Toenails grow slower than finger nail plate & thicker because toe matrix is _____ than on finger nails
Longer
~1/10” to 1/8”
