Ch 5 Infection Control: Principles And Practices

Question 1

Mechanical process (scrubbing) w soap & water or detergent & water to remove dirt debris & many desease causing germs. It also removes invisible debris that interferes w disinfection.

Answer 1

Cleaning

Question 2

Defined as a chemical process used to reduce the # of disease causing germs on surfaces to a safe level, which is what cleaning accomplishes . Chemical process uses specific products to destroy organisms on nonporous surfaces

Answer 2

Sanitizing

Question 3

_____ guide the sale, use of equipment, chemical ingredients, type of disinfectant used in salons, safety in the workplace, & limit services allowed in the salon. Like prohibiting cutting live skin, removal of calluses, warts, corns, in grown nails. _______ regulate licensing enforcement and conduct of nail techs.

Answer 3

Federal agencies, state agencies

Question 4

Occupational safety & health administration is a ____. OSHA. Regulates safety & health to protect employees. Like exposure to toxic substances & informing about possible hazards of materials used or key points of occupational safety & health act 1970 which created hazard communication act that required chemical manufacturers assess hazards ass. W their products. Resulting in the

Answer 4

Material safety data sheet MSDS.

Question 5

In 2012 osha agreed to comply w globally harmonized systems of classifications & labeling of chemical systems (GHS). To create label standards for use around the globe includes the use of _____to indicate safety concerns. & a 16 category standard format ______. To replace the _____. While 1983 HCS hazard communication gave the Right to know, GHS gave the right to

Answer 5

PICTOGRAMS
Safety data sheet SDS
MSDS
Understand

Question 6

Since 2015 June ____ require SDS for ea product sold. Included names of potentially hazardous ingredients , Safe use, and handling procedures. Precautions to reduce exposure and harm, flame warnings disposal medical first aid

Answer 6

HCS

Question 7

1. _____. Says manufacturer and product. # contact & use/restrictions.
2. hazards
3. _____. Info on chemical ingredients.
4. _____. Symptom & effects, acute or delayed, required treatment.
5. _____. Suitable exetjnguishung technique equipment & chem hazards
6. emergency procedures for accidents .protective equipment to contain and clean up

Answer 7

1. Identification
2. Composition info
3. First aid measures
4. Fire fighting measures

Question 8

7. Handling and storage precautions/incompatibilities
8. OSHA’s permissible exposure limits and protective equipment
9. Chemical physical properties
10. Stability and reactivity
11. ______. Routes of exposure & related symptoms acute and chronic info
12. Eco info effects on environ
13. Disposal
14. Transport info restrictions
15. Regulatory info
16. Revision date

Answer 8

.toxicology

Question 9

SDS can be taken to a doctor to assess situation properly, osha requirement to have for all products. They or state board inspectors can issue fines if not available in normal business hours. There are sds training requirements

Answer 9

Ok

Question 10

___Are chemical products that destroy most bacteria, fungi, and viruses on non-porous surfaces. They mostly don’t destroy spores. EPA registered and are used according to label. Two types our hospital and tuberculosidal. Hospital disinfectant cleans blood and body fluids and controls disease of the body or organs. _____ disinfectants kill the bacteria tuberculosis that is transmitted by coughing & sneezing but not by implements or services.

Answer 10

Disinfectants, tuberculosidal 

Question 11

Tuberculosidol disinfectants are classified as hospital disinfectants but should not be used in the salon they harm tools and equipment and require special disposal methods.

Answer 11

Ok

Question 12

It’s against the law to use any disinfecting product contrary to its label. Before a manufacturer can sell a product for disinfecting surfaces, salon tools etc. it must be approved by the ____ and have a _____ number. If instructions for mixing, contact time, and the type of surface the product can be used on is not followed you aren’t complying with federal law and can be liable in a lawsuit.

Answer 12

EPA, registration

Question 13

In 2000, 100+ clients in cali Had serious infections on legs due to _____ fortuitum. Caused stubborn ugly sores that lingered for months required strong antibiotics and permanent scarring sourced and trace to the salons whirlpool foot spas.

Answer 13

Mycobacterium

Question 14

The outbreak was a catalyst for change in the industry. There has still been more outbreaks despite issuing new requirements for petty equipment cleansing. In Texas a paraplegic woman sued salon church due to a death from an improperly disinfected pumice stone. Causing an infection in the foot that spread and gave client a heart attack.

Answer 14

Cool

Question 15

______exist to protect health and safety of professionals and consumers include licensing agencies, state board of cosmetology, commissions, OSHA and health departments. Require specific procedures be followed. Enforcement is carried through inspection and investigation of complaints. May issue penalties like fines, Probation, suspension or revocation of licenses or permits.

Answer 15

State regulation agencies

Question 16

___Are written by both federal and state legislators that determine scope of practice and guidelines for regulatory agencies. They are also called statutes. ____are more specific than laws. They establish standards of conduct and are Written by agency or state board.

Answer 16

Laws, rules And regulations

Question 17

An infection could make you lose your license or ruin salons reputation. Preventing the spread and keeping safety begins and ends with you.

Answer 17

Ok

Question 18

___Is caused by pathogenic harmful organisms that enter the body. May or may not spread from one person to another.

Nail techs are not allowed to___, determine the nature of a disease from symptoms nor treat or recommend treatments for infection, disease or abnormalities.

Answer 18

Infectious disease

Diagnose

Question 19

__The chemical process that uses products to destroy organisms or non-porous surfaces.

_____They must be Bactericidal in capable of destroying bacteria; fungicidal, and virucidal.

Is clients are infected or harmed due to a service or incorrect infection control procedure You can be legally responsible***

Answer 19

Disinfection

Disinfectants

Question 20

The invasion of the body tissues by disease causing passages.__

Non-scientific synonym for disease producing organisms__

Answer 20

Infection

Germs

Question 21

3 coccis.

_____Round shaped bacteria that appear singly alone or in groups.

____Pass forming bacteria that grows in clusters like a bunch of grapes cause abscesses pustules and boils.

Purse forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads cause infections like strep throat and blood poisoning.

Spherical bacteria grows in pairs and causes disease is like pneumonia

Answer 21

Cocci

Staphylococci

Streptococci

Diplococci

Question 22

2. Singular Bacillus, Short rod shaped bacteria. Most common. Some produce diseases like tetanus , typhoid fever tuberculosis and diphtheria_______
3. Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria divided into sub groups like treponema papillida, Which causes syphilis, an STD or bórrelia Bergdorferi which causes Lyme disease

Answer 22

Bacilli

Spirilla

Question 23

Bacteria grow and reproduce during the active stage. They multiply best and warm, dark, damp or dirty places with food. When they reach their largest size they divide through binary fission. Forming daughter cells produce every 20 to 60 minutes dependent on bacteria. The nail pathogen staphylococcus Arias divides every 27 to 30 minutes. Under on favorable conditions they die or become inactive.

Answer 23

Active stage

Question 24

Certain fungi and bacteria like anthrax and tetanus Coats themselves with wax to withstand long periods of famine drought or unsuitable temperatures. In this stage spores can be blown about and aren’t harmed by most disinfectants heat or cold. Under favorable conditions they are restored and spores become active and begin to grow and reproduce. They post little risk to clients but dangerous if entered the surgical procedure.

Answer 24

Inactive or spore forming stage

Question 25

There can be no bacterial infection without the presence of pathogenic bacteria. Purse is a fluid created by tissue__. And condition where the body reacts to protect itself from injury irritation or infection. It’s an unhealthy condition causing redness, heat, pain and swelling. These inflamed tissues contain white blood cells, bacteria and dead cells and is a sign of bacterial infection.

Answer 25

Inflammation

Question 26

Inflamed skin pimples, abscesses are local infections.. this inflamed skin should never receive services. staph infections are the most common every year there are lawsuits. It is responsible for food poisoning and a wide range of diseases including toxic shock syndrome. Some bacteria are highly resistant to antibiotics for example the staff infection ____ resistant staphylococcus aureus. MR essay historically occurred more frequently among weak immune system‘s or those undergoing medical procedures. Today it’s more common and healthy people. People who appear completely healthy may carry this and bring it to infect others in the salon. Unaware of their infection due to lack of symptoms. Symptoms usually are skin infections Such as pimples and boils difficult to cure. At times has resulted in death . cleaning and disinfection are very effective against the spread of this infection.

Answer 26

Methicillin

Question 27

Common contagious diseases that prevent nail techs from servicing a client or common cold. Ringworm, conjunctivitis pink eye, viral infections and natural nail or toe and foot infections. The chief source for spreading is dirty hands or under fingernails. And on the webs between the fingers. Disease May also spread by contaminated implements cuts inside the nails open sores pass mouth and nose discharge shared cups telephones door knobs and towels.

Answer 27

Ok

Question 28

One of the main causes of infection in whirlpool foot spas are Trace to debris buildup a thin film light coat called _______. It is a highly protective breeding ground for bacteria and fungi a nest with huge colonies growing and multiplying. Are highly resistant to Soli soaking in EPA disinfectant. Can only be removed by scrubbing with a stiff bristle brush and soap and water. The bad tasting film in your mouth in the mornings is a bio film. It forms While you sleep. Brushing teeth temporary removes it. Must use a toothbrush with bristles stiff enough to scrub debris and biofilms.

Answer 28

Biofilm

Question 29

Condition in which a part of the body reacts to injury, Irritation or infection. Characterized by redness heat pain and swelling

parasitic sub microscopic particles Infects and resides in the cells of the biological organisms. Capable of replicating only when it takes over the host cells reproduction machinery they’re so small cause common colds and respiratory or gastrointestinal infections. Examples measles, mumps, chickenpox, smallpox, rabies, yellow fever, hepatitis, polio, influenza, HIV,. Common viral infection and nail salons is HPV.


Answer 29

Inflammation

Virus

Question 30

One difference between virus and bacteria is a virus can live and reproduce only by penetrating cells and becoming a part of them. Bacteria reproduce on their own. Bacteria can be treated with antibiotics viruses are hard to kill without harming the body in the process. Vaccinations prevent viruses from growing in the body.

Answer 30

Ok

Question 31

Warts are highly contagious a virus. Gains access through broken tissue. Can last months or years or spontaneously reoccur.Clients with warts on their feet or hands should be referred to a physician for a diagnosis and treatment if required. Disease causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids like hepatitis and HIV are called___.

Answer 31

Blood-borne pathogen’s

Question 32

Spread of blood-borne pathogen’s as possible through nipping clipping facial treatments waxing tweezing or cutting the skin shaved or broken. Intentional cutting is out of the scope of practice through law allows only medical professionals to cut living skin. Considered a medical procedure. Not allowed to trim or cut around the nail plate.

Cutting living tissue creates hardened tissue as the body six to protect itself. Once cutting is discontinued harden tissue will disappear and revert back to healthy normal appearance.

Answer 32

Ok

Question 33

A blood borne virus__is a disease that damages the liver. It’s difficult to contract. But easier than HIV since it’s present in body fluids. It can also live on the surface outside the body much longer than HIV. It’s vital that all surfaces be thoroughly cleaned. There is hepatitis B and CB is more difficult to kill on a surface. BNC or spread through blood and less often through body fluids like semen and vaginal secretions. There is a vaccine for hep B.

Answer 33

Hepatitis

Question 34

__Is the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Breaks down the immune system. Spread through blood rarely through body fluids. Can carry for many years with no symptoms but can be tested within six months after exposure. Mainly

Answer 34

Human immunodeficiency virus

Question 35

The HCS gave the workers the right to know and it stands for

Answer 35

Hazard communication standard

Question 36

One celled microorganisms of micro scopic or submicroscopic size with both plant and animal characteristics can be harmful or non-harmful. Can exist almost anywhere skin water air decaying matter body secretions clothing under the free edge. 2 types.

Answer 36

Bacteria micro organisms

Pathogenic a non-pathogenic

Question 37

These bacteria may cause disease or infection up on invasion. Pathogenic. Bacilli and spirilla Are both capable of moving and use slender, hair like extensions known as.____For loco motion. With like motion moves them in liquid.

Answer 37

Flagella

Question 38

A common viral infections in a nail salons is HPV which stands for

Answer 38

Human papilloma virus and fix the bottom of the foot like black dots in clusters it’s highly contagious difficult to cure and can be passed on through implements or foot baths.

Question 39

A small cell organism that grows in irregular masses includes mold mildew used and produce is contagious diseases like ringworm. \_______Mildew affects plants or objects but not humans in the salon. The FDA has determined that _____ apply directly to the fingernail skin and toenail is not effective in eliminating fungal infections. They don’t work so they prohibit the sale of anti-fungal products for fingernails and toenails without a medical prescription.

Answer 39

Fungi, Topical treatments

Question 40

Pathogenic bacteria, viruses or fungi can enter the body through broken skin the mouth the nose the eyes and unprotected sex. Body prevents and controls infections with healthy unbroken skin body secretions like perspiration or digestive juices. White blood cells destroy bacteria and _____ that counteract the toxins produced by some micro organisms like bacteria or viruses.

Answer 40

Anti-toxins

Question 41

_______I organisms that proceed and shelter on or in another organism well contributing nothing to it survival. They must have a host to survive they can live in humans or animals food plants trees and water

Answer 41

Parasite

Question 42

Is it contagious skin parasitic disease that is caused by the Itch mite which Burroughs under the skin contagious and caused by parasites should only be treated by Dr. tools and equipment can get contaminated.

Answer 42

Scabies

Question 43

____ ability of body to destroy & resist infection. Natural (inherited or lifestyle) or acquired. ( after having the disease or vaccines. Or exposure to allergens

Answer 43

Immunity

Question 44

Infection control 2 steps ____&_____.

______destroys all microbio life. Spores too. But rarely mandated -w autoclave. Heat+ pressure. Maintenanced weekly. W spore test. Dry heat less efficient requires more time

Answer 44

Cleaning & disinfecting w EPA

Question 45

First step to infection control_____. Mechanical w soap nd water or detergent. Proper hand cleaning involves liquid soap water brush towel. Common cleaning methods in a salon: washing w soap n water scrubbing w brush. Ultrasonic unit. Cleaning solvent

Answer 45

Cleaning

Question 46

2nd step: disinfecting. Chemical process destroy organisms on nonporous surfaces not effective on spores. Never use as hand cleaners. Allergen nd skin irritant

Answer 46

Ok

Question 47

Color indicator strips can give false reading s on autoclave don’t rely solely on them to ensure sterility. CD C requires they re tested weekly- spore test + other maintenance

Answer 47

Ok

Question 48

If disinfectant does not say concentratesd. It’s premixed and Can use as is. [_______ the effectiveness w which disinfecting solution kills organisms when used according to label

Answer 48

Efficacy

Question 49

Quats ________ Ammonium compounds most effective when used properly in salon. The Most advanced are multiple quats . Work together to increase effectiveness.

Answer 49

Quaternary

Question 50

——— disinfectants tuberculosis al high ph damage skin Nd eyes harmful to environment if put down drain damage plastics amd rubbers. Rust metals never use on equipment

Answer 50

Phenolic s

Question 51

Bleach 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for all salon uses. Mix daily fresh don’t store

Answer 51

Ok

Question 52

Disinfectants are classified as pesticides/poison by ____. Avoid contact. Wear gloves always. Never premix large amounts. Or place in an unmarked container. Never use non epa registered. Nor paraformaldehyde or glutaraldehyde.

Answer 52

EPA

Question 53

Never use bags or containers w an airtight seal to store tools or implements. Encourages growth of bacteria

Answer 53

Ok

Question 54

1 gall = ———oz

5 gal = ———oz

Answer 54

128

640

Question 55

________ soaps & detergents designed to break down stubborn films & removing residue of pedicure products. Work in all types of Water an d low sudsing

Answer 55

Chelating

Question 56

Federal law requires sds for all products.

Waterless hand sanitizer._____ chemical germicide registered and regulated by FDA for use on skin. W alcohol or benzalkonium chloride. Use pump soap dispensers to remove debris

Answer 56

Antiseptics

Question 57

CDC Has standard guidelines & precautions called standard precautions require employer & employee Assume all fluids infectious clients w hepatitis B virus are asymptomaric. Blood born paths harder to kill than outside paths . OSHA precautions : wash hands wear gloves proper disposal

Answer 57

Ok

Question 58

In an exposure incident:

1. Keep floors dust free
2. Tras h covered
3. Clean fans humidifiers 1/wk
4. Well lit work areas
5. Restrooms & handles clean
6. Provide necessary amenities
7. No cooking
8. No food
9. No eating
10. Empty waste daily
11. Proper labels
12. No tools in mouth
13. Clean n disinfect tools
14. Store in covered container s
15. Don’t touch face
16. Clean all surfaces for each client
17. Clean towels
18. Wash hands
19. Don’t service dirty hands

Answer 58

lol k