9 Nail Disorders N Diseases Flashcards
A ______is firm and flexible Shiny slightly pink w Beige or yellow depending on race. W Fairly smooth surface n unspotted no pits or splits. Some health problems Can show as poor nail Growth etc
Normal healthy nail
______a condition Caused by injury or disease of the nail unit most people have experienced one at some point and as a responsibility of your license, you should recognize abnormal conditions and know what to do, you may be able to help in two ways. You can tell them they may have a disorder and should seek a physician. Or cosmetically improve the nail plate condition if it’s a cosmetic problem not medical.
Nail disorder
_____ A condition in which a blood clot forms under the nail plate forming a dark purpleish spot the discoloration is usually due to small injuries to the nailbed. Dried blood absorbs into the bed at the psyllium under the nail plate and grows with it. Treat gently and advise client to be careful and treat hands as jewels not tools this condition can be covered with nail polish Or camouflaged with an opaque nail enhancement.
Bruised nail beds
_____Are noticeably thin white nail plates that are much more flexible than normal. Weaker and concurs over the free edge. Due to improper diet hereditary factors internal disease or medication. Fragile and break easy. Use the find side of an abrasive board 240+ And file gently ONLY if necessary. Not recommended. Then protective overlay of an artificial mail and Hance meant can’t be helpful.
Eggshell nails
_____Are physical depressions across the width of the nail plate due to major illness or injury that traumatized the body like pneumonia drug reactions surgery heart failure Long lasting high fevers. Causing the matrix to slow production for several weeks or months and grow thinner. Returning to normal after recovery.
Beau lines
_____condition where living skin around nail plate splits/tears. Due to dryness or cutting living tissue. If no signs of infection or wound advise on proper nail care like hot oil manicures or use skin conditioning lotion/oil that can aid incorrect it. Never cut living skin around the nail plate even if dry & looks like it is not living tissue. Other than to carefully remove the thin layer of dead cuticle tissue on the nail plate do not cut skin anywhere on hands/feet. Hangnails can be carefully trimmed As long as living skin is not cut/torn in the process.against state board regulations. inproperly cared for hangnail can become infected.
Hang nail
_____Or white spots or white discoloration in the nail plate due to minor injury to the matrix. Not a symptom of vitamin or mineral deficiency. Occur frequently but not a sign of disease as nails grow white spots disappear.
Leukonychia spots
_____Is darkening of the finger or toenail. Like a black band within the plate extending from the base to the three edge sometimes the entire nail plate. Due to a localized area of increased pigment cells (melanocytes) To add melanin within the matrix. A common occurrence an African Americans or Asians but possible disease condition and Caucasians
Melanonychia
______Bitten nails due to have it of chewing the nail or hardened damaged skin around the nail plate. Advised that frequent Mannys how may help overcome this habit and improve health and appearance of hands. Enhancements me sometimes beautify discourage biting. But bitten damage skin shouldn’t be treated by a nail tech
Onychophagy
______ split/brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges give a rough appearance to nail plate surface. Due to injury of the matrix excessive cuticle remover use harsh cleaning agents or aggressive abrasive filing or hereditary. Service allowed if nail is not split exposing nailbed. Enhancements should never be applied if exposed. Condition May be corrected by softening nails with conditioner and instructing client do use of protective gloves during detergent and cleaner use and avoid over filing. Daily treatments with a high quality penetrating nail oil can be very beneficial nail hardener’s should never be used can worsen condition
Onychorrhexis
_______Figuratively means folded nails a highly curves nail plate often due to injury to the matrix. Or inherited often lead to ingrown nails
Plicatured nail
_____Abnormal condition occurs when skin is stretched by the nail plate are disorder usually caused by serious injury like burns or adverse skin reactions. Cuticle & pterygium Aren’t the same thing. Pterygium is abnormal due to damage to the eponychium or hyponychium. Do not attempt to treat never push the extension of skin back with an instrument well injure further and worsen condition. Gentle massage of conditioning oils or creams in affected area may help if adverse reaction occurs discontinue services and refer to physician
Nail pterygium
Mild_____Running vertically down the length of the nail plate or actually grooves and not ridges. Due to uneven growth of nails usually the result of age more common in older clients. Unless they become very deep and weak in the nail plate they are normal. Avoid passing away will only weekend. Use a ridge filler and cover with polish to give a smooth appearance and keep strong and healthy.
ridges
_______ caused by physical trauma to the nailbed the damages capillaries & allows small amount of blood flow causing blood stains in bed epithelium forming rails to guide the nail plate along . the blood oxidizes turns brown or black giving appearance of a small splinter always positioned lengthwise in the direction of growth due to how bed epithelium rails grow. Common. Due to hard impact or trauma
Splinter hemorrhages
Free edge pinching the sidewalls into a deep curve is known as______.The nail can curl up on itself or deform on one side wall only. In each case plate should be carefully trained and filed extreme cases should be referred to a physician.
Pincer nail or trumpet nails
_____Are parasites and may cause infection they’re contagious they are generally restricted to one or two nails less likely to cause fingernail infections on techs since they prefer to grow in Warm moist and dark conditions. But it’s possible to transfer to another client
Fungi
Plate Discoloration used to be called mold. But it’s actually a bacterial infection caused by_____. A natural & rapid occurring skin bacteria. Water does not cause infections that support bacterial and fungal growth instead they are due to implements contaminated with a large number of Organisms were conditions are perfect for growth.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Atypical ______ on the nail plate can be identified in the early stages as a yellow green spot that becomes darker in its advanced stages the color usually changes from yellow to green to brown to black referred immediately to a physician it is against the law to diagnose or recommend treatment do not remove artificial’s unless directed so by there treating physician.
Bacterial infection
____Inflammation of the matrix and Shedding of the nail
_____Ingrown nails
_____ separation off the plate and bed due to injury or allergy
***____Separation and falling off of the nail from nailbed
_____Fungal infection of natural nail plate
____Bacterial inflammation of tissues around playing with pus swelling or redness
_____Severe inflammation of nail with a lump of red tissue on the nailbed
**______Red itchy patches of skin on bottom of feet or between toes

Onychia
Onyxhocryptosis
Onycholysis
Onychomadesis
Onychomycosis
Paronychia
Ptogenic granuloma
Tinea pedis
_____any deformity or disease of nails.
_____an inflammation of matrix followed by Shedding of the plates. Any break in the skin can allow pathogens to infect the matrix. Avoid injuring sensitive tissue and improperly cleaned implements
Onychosis
Onychia
_____ are Ingrown nails grow into the sides of the tissue Unusual pressure on the sidewalls while walking can contribute to the problem if tissue is not infected nor in bedded into the flesh you can carefully trim the corner of the nail in a curved shape to relieve the pressure on the nail groove. If there is redness pain etc. service is prohibited Refer ingrowns to a physician.
Onychocryptosis
____ Is the lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding usually begins at the free edge and continues towards the Lanola due to injury trauma or allergy less often a health disorder. Due to filing to aggressively improper enhancement removal wearing crammed shoes. If no infection or open sores, basic mani/pedi may be given. Nail should be short
And under nail queen and dry if the cause of the trauma is removed it will slowly heal the hyponychium will reform the seal barrier.
Onycholysis
______The separation and falling off of a nail plate from the bed affects hands and feet trace to localized infection injuries to the matrix or severe systemic illness. Or chemotherapy. Once resolve the new plate will grow must not apply enhancements to this disorder if no infection or open sore a basic manicure and pedicure may be given.
Onychomadesis
_____Causes tiny pits or roughness on the nail plate causes a course abrasive or ragged free edge appearance. Experienced by people with psoriasis. Not an infectious disease because nail plate to develop yellowish reddish spots under plate call salmon patches. Or onycholysis. When all these symptoms are present simultaneously psoriasis is the likely cause.Refer to a physician to diagnose and treat.
Nail psoriasis
_____A bacterial inflammation of tissues surrounding the nail redness, plus, swelling in the skin fold. Individuals who work with hands in water like dishwashers bartenders or those who wash hands continuously in healthcare and food processors susceptible. Very dry or chapped hands from excessive water or detergent exposure. And increases chance of infections. Toenails more susceptible to Paronychia infections due to warm moist environment
Paronychia
______Is severe inflammation of the nail where a lump of red tissue grows from the nailbed to the nail plate.
_____ medical term for fungal infections of the feet occur on the bottoms of feet as red itchy rash in the spaces between toes most often between the fourth and fifth toe. Sometimes a small degree of scaling of the skin. Advise clients to wash feet daily and dry completely. Makes it difficult for infection to live and grow. Advise clients to wear cotton socks and change them twice daily. Avoid wearing the same pair of shoes daily takes 24 hours for shoes to dry completely. Over the counter Antifungal powder’s can help keep try and speed healing.
Pyogenic granuloma
Tinea pedis
_____ fungal infection of the nail plate a less common form :consists of whitish patches that can be scraped off the surface of the nail not to be confused with nail surface damage by improper removal of coatings which is more likely the cause of surface white spots. Another common type shows as long whitish or pale yellowish streaks on the nail plate a third common form causes the fridge to crumble and may affect the entire plate. These infections often invade the free edge and spread to the matrix nail techs may not treat must be referred to physician.
Onychomycosis
