Ch. 8- Motivation part 2 Flashcards
what are characteristics of people in individualistic cultures?
self-relience, greater need to view oneself positively
what are characteristics of people in collectivistic cultures?
motivate to maintain positive evaluations form others, live up to the standards of the roles
Face (self improvement)
the amount of social value given by others if one fulfills obligations and expectations
Prevention orientation
one tried to avoid negative outcomes (losing face)
promotion orientation
one strives to secure positive outcomes (advancing oneself)
motivations for control (vary)
cultures vary in perceptions of control
entity theory of the world
the perspective that the world around you is fixed and beyond your ability to change it
Incremental theory of the world
the world is seen as being flexible and responsive to our efforts to change it
What are the two types of control people engage in?
primary and secondary control
Primary control
changing existing realities to fit ones own perception, goals and desires
secondary control
aligning oneself with the existing realities by controlling their psychological impact, adjust themselves to fit circumstances
Independance in high SES context
higher social status and wealth (more sense of control and freedom)
independance in low SES context
occupy lower status (fewer choices and control , less geographical mobility)
What view do high SES children have?
high SES children need to discover and develop their own uniqueness, change the environment
What view do low SES children have?
Low SES children need to be toughened up. emphasize self-reliance, integrity and self-discipline, stand up for themselves
