Ch. 8- Eczematous Rashes Flashcards
What are the hallmarks of dermatitis?
- marked pruritus
- indistinct borders
- epidermal changes characterized by vesicles, juicy papules, or lichenification
What is a chronic, relapsing intensely pruritic, eczematous condition of the skin that is associated with a personal hx. or family hx. of dz?
atopic dermatitis
What is the clinical hallmark of chronic atopic dermatitis?
lichenification
What is the most distressing and prominent symptom of atopic dermatitis?
pruritus (itching)
Which eczematous rash presents as flexural lichenification in adults and older children?
atopic dermatitis
Which eczematous rash presents as facial and extensor papulovesicles in infancy?
atopic dermatitis
To be sucessful, what must treatment eliminate in atopic dermatitis?
pruritis
T/F: Bacterial and viral skin infections are common in atopic dermatitis.
TRUE
a syndrome of atopic dermatitis characterized by recurrent pyoderma, raised serum IgE levels, and decreased chemotaxis of mononuclear cells.
hyper-IgE syndrome
What is the etiology of atopic dermatitis?
- a disrupted skin barrier
- disturbed immunologic response
What is an inflammatory reaction of the skin precipitated by an exogenous chemical?
contact dermatitis
What is produced by a substance that has a direct toxic effect on the skin?
irritant contact dermatitis
What triggers an immunologic reaction that causes tissue inflammation?
allergic contact dermatitis
What are the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis?
- poison ivy or oak
- cosmetics/personal care pdts.
- nickel
- rubber compounds
- topical meds
Linear streaks of vesicles are characteristic of contact dermatitis to ____.
poison ivy or oak
T/F: The location of the contact dermatitis is insignificant.
FALSE (location often provides a clue to the nature of the contact)
What laboratory test helps in identifying the responsible allergen or allergens involved with contact dermatitis?
Patch tests
Which contact dermatitis is a nonspecific inflammatory reaction resulting from toxic injury of the skin?
irritant contact dermatitis
Which contact dermatitis is a cell-mediated, delayed type IV immunologic reaction?
allergic contact dermatitis
Which rare eczematous appearing disease presents with ivory white papules and atrophic patches?
lichen sclerosis
Which rare eczematous appearing disease affects the superficial epidermis, causing erythematous scaling with some crusting, and a few flaccid bullae and erosions?
pemphigus foliaceus
What is a rare x-linked recessive disorder that may appear like atopic dermatitis?
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Which rare eczematous appearing disease is characterized by increased IgA & IgE levels, decreased IgM concentration, and impaired cell-mediated immunity?
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Which rare eczematous appearing disease is an inherited or acquired malady characterized by perioral, genital, and acral dermatitis plus diarrhea.
zinc deficiency
idiopathic etiology, diagnose by exclusion when an underling cause such as an allergen or irritant cannot be found. Itching is chief complaint, sensitive skin to soaps moisturizers, etc. chonircally lichenification occurs, indistinct borders,
Essential Dermatitis
characterized by deep seated vesicles involving the hands (palms), feet (soles), and sides of the digita; occurs bilaterally and symmetrically
dyshidrotic eczema
generalized subacute dermatitis that follows a localized acute dermatitis usually of the feet or hands. hypersensitivity reaction to a substance produced by the acute dermatitis
auto sensitization or id eruption
result of low humidity and dry skin. occurs in the winter and it manifests by dry fissured skin of the trunk and extremities. particularly effects elderly and lower legs of all ages.
Xerotic eczema
oval weeping patches with crusted papulovesicles. it occurs on the trunk and extremities
nummular eczema
chronic eczematous eruption of the skin that results of scratching. itch-scratch-itch cycle. precipitated by frustration depression and stress; lichenified plaque always occurs within reach of fingers
lochen simplex chronicus
a psychodermatoses that is characterized by linear dug out lesions that typically spare the upper mid back where scratching fingers cannot reach. patients are usually neurotic women
Habitual (neurotic) excoriations
chronic superficial inflammatory process affecting hair regions especially scalp, eyebrows, and face. yeast; associated with parkinsons disease and AIDS; patches and plaques with indistinct margins, mild to moderate erythema, and yellowish greasy scaling. “most common cause of butterfly rash”
Seborrheic Dermatitis
eczematous patches or plaques overlying lower leg edema, chronic &itchy secondary to peripheral venous disease, adults, preceded by edema and swelling, varicose veins prominent, as is pitting edema of the lower leg, brown pigmentation, petetchiae
Stasis Dermatitits
what are the 4 characteristics of dermatitis
- edema
- Brown pigmentation
- Petechiae
- Subacute and chronic dermatitis
avoid the prolonged use of topical antibiotics when treating stasis dermatitis. WHY?
causes allergic contact dermatitis frequently
rare, autosomal dominantly inherited genodermatosis. chronic, waxing and waning course beings in childhood lasts a lifetime; tan, pink, brown, rough feeling papules that coalesce into large plaques that can become infected resulting in crusting and weeping.
dariers disease
neoplasm affecting the skin and extracutaneous organs, particularly bone marrow, sleep, liver, lungs, and lymph nodes. tan, pink, sometimes hemorrhagic, papules, and scaling, slightly eroded, patches.
langerhans cell histiocytosis
multisystem disorder characterized by migrating erythematous, scaling, and crusted papules, patches, and plaques along with occasional vesicle and pustule. caused by a pancreatic tumor of the islet alpha cell
Glucagonoma syndrome
