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Esthetics > Ch. 8: Basics Of Electricity > Flashcards

Ch. 8: Basics Of Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Electricity

A
  • The movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy.
  • A form of energy that, when in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical, or thermal effects.
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2
Q

What is an Electric Current?

A

The flow of electricity along a conductor.

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3
Q

What is a Conductor?

A

Any substance, material, or medium that easily conducts/transmits electricity.

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4
Q

What is an Insulator?

A

A substance that does not conduct/transmit electricity.

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5
Q

The path of negative and positive electric currents moving from the generating source through the conductors and back to the generating original source is called ______.

A

A Complete Electric Circuit

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6
Q

What are two kinds of electric current?

A
  • Direct Current (DC)

* Alternating Current (AC)

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7
Q

Describe Direct Current (DC)

A

A constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only.
(Ex: flashlights, cellular telephones, and cordless handheld devices)

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8
Q

Describe Alternating Current (AC)

A

A rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite direction.

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9
Q

The unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor.

A

Volt (V)

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10
Q

The unit that measures the amount of an electric current (quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor).

A

Ampere / Amp (A)

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11
Q

One-thousandth of an ampere.

A

Milliampere (mA)

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12
Q

The unit that measures the resistance of an electric current.

A

Ohm (O)

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13
Q

A measurement of how much electric energy is being used in 1 second.

A

Watt (W)

[Ex: 40-watt light bulb uses 40 watts of energy per second]

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14
Q

1000 watts

A

Kilowatt (K)

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15
Q

What is a Rectifier?

A

An apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current.

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16
Q

What is a Converter?

A

An apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current.

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17
Q

What is the purpose of a Fuse?

A

It prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit.

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18
Q

What is a circuit breaker?

A

A switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of an overload.

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19
Q

Define: Grounding

A

The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.

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20
Q

What is Electrotherapy?

A

The use of electrical devices to treat the skin and for therapeutic benefits.

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21
Q

What are Modalities?

A

Currents used in electrical facial and scalp treatments.

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22
Q

What is an Electrode?

A

An applicator for directing the electric current from an electrotherapy device to a clients skin.

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23
Q

Define: Polarity

A

Indicates the negative or positive pole of an electric current.

24
Q

Define: Anode

A

A positive electrode

25
Q

Define: Cathode

A

A negative electrode

26
Q

What is a Galvanic Current?

A
  • A constant and direct current.
  • Uses a positive and negative pole to produce the chemical reactions (desincrustation) and ionic reactions (iontophoresis).
27
Q

What is the Active Electrode?

A

Electrode of an electro therapy device that is used on the area to be treated.

28
Q

What is the Inactive Electrode?

A

The opposite pole from the active electrode.

29
Q

Define: Iontophoresis

A

The process of introducing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current.

30
Q

Define: Cataphoresis

A

Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive pole toward the negative pole.

31
Q

Define: Anaphoresis

A

The process of infusing a negative (alkaline) product into the skin.

32
Q

Define: Desincrustation

A

A form of Anaphoresis, and is a process used to soften and emulsify grease deposits (oil) and blackheads in the hair follicle.

33
Q

Define: Microcurrent

A

An extremely low level of electricity that mirrors the body’s own natural electrical impulses.

34
Q

Also known as Violet Ray, this current is a thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration.

A

Tesla High-Frequency Current

35
Q

What are the benefits of the Tesla high-frequency current?

A
  • Stimulates blood circulation
  • Increases elimination and absorption
  • Increases Metabolism
  • Improves germicidal action
  • Relieves congestion
36
Q

What is the Electromagnetic Spectrum?

A

A form of energy that travels through space in waves and has both electric and magnetic properties.

37
Q

What is the term for an electromagnetic radiation that we can see.

A

Visible Light

38
Q

Define: Wavelength

A

The distance between two successive peaks of electromagnetic waves.

39
Q

Describe long wavelengths.

A
  • Low frequency
  • Penetrates deeper,
  • Have less energy.
40
Q

Describe short wavelengths.

A
  • High frequency
  • Penetrate less
  • Have more energy
41
Q

Light that the naked eye cannot perceive.

A

Invisible Light

42
Q

Light that produces heat beyond the red light of the spectrum.

A

Infrared Light

43
Q

What are invisible rays that have short wavelengths, are the least penetrating rays, produce chemical effects and kill germs.

A

Ultraviolet Radiation (UV)

44
Q

Describe Ultraviolet A (UVA)

A

Has the longest wavelength of the UV light spectrum and penetrates directly into the dermis damaging collagen and elastin.

45
Q

Describe Ultraviolet B (UVB)?

A

Is often called the burning Ray, because it is most associated with sunburns.

46
Q

Describe Ultraviolet C (UVC)

A

UVC is blocked by the ozone layer. If the Earth loses the protective layer of the ozone, life will no longer exist as we know it.

47
Q

What is Light Therapy?

A

Also know as Phototherapy; it is the application of light rays to the skin for the treatment of acne, wrinkles, capillaries, pigmentation, or hair removal.

48
Q

What is a Laser?

A

A medical device that uses electromagnetic radiation for hair removal and skin treatments.

49
Q

What is the acronym for a Laser?

A

Light Amplification Stimulation Emission of Radiation.

50
Q

Define: Photothermolysis

A

Process by which light from a laser is turned into heat.

51
Q

What is an LED?

A

A device used to reduce acne, increase skin circulation, and improve the collagen content in the skin.

52
Q

What is the acronym for LED?

A

Light-emitting diode.

53
Q

What is Chromophore?

A

A color component within the skin such as blood or melanin.

54
Q

What are the functions of blue, red, yellow, and green LED light?

A
  • Blue: to reduce acne.
  • Red: to increase circulation and improve collagen and elastin production.
  • Yellow: to reduce swelling and inflammation.
  • Green: to reduce hyperpigmentation.
55
Q

What is an Intense Pulse Light?

A

A medical device that uses multiple colors and wavelengths (broad spectrum) of focused light.

56
Q

What does an Intense Pulse Light treat?

A

Spider veins, hyperpigmentation, rosacea and redness, wrinkles, enlarged hair follicles and pores, and excessive hair.

Esthetics (23 decks)

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