Ch. 13: Skin Care Products: Chemistry, Ingredients, & Selections Flashcards
What are two types of facial ingredients?
Performance Ingredients and Functional Ingredients
What are Performance Ingredients?
- These do the actual work of cleansing, normalizing, moisturizing, or otherwise treating the skin.
(Change the skin)
What are Functional Ingredients?
- These make up majority of the product.
- they allow products to spread, give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as a lotion, cream, or gel.
(Do not change the appearance of the skin)
Define: Cosmetics
Defined by the FDA as:
Articles that are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance.
What is the third category of facial ingredients?
Cosmeceuticals
What are Cosmeceuticals?
Products intended to improve the skin’s health and appearance.
What is the most frequently used cosmetic ingredient?
Water
What are Anhydrous?
Products that do not contain any water.
What are Emollient?
“Fatty” materials (derived from oils or fats) used to lubricate or moisturize the skin.
What are Mineral Oils?
Lubricant derived from petroleum.
Define: Lubricants
Coat the skin and reduce friction.
Fatty Acids
Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats.
Fatty Alcohols
Emollient; fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen.
Fatty Esters
Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols.
Silicones
Oil that is chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leaves a noncomedogenic protective film on the surface of the skin.
Define: Comedogenicity
The tendency of any topical substance to cause or to worsen a buildup of dead cells in the follicle, leading to the development of a comedo (blackheads)
What are Surfactants?
Reduce the surface tension between the skin and the product, and increase the spreadability of cosmetic products.
What are Detergents?
A type of surfactant used as cleansers in skin-cleansing products.
What are Cleansers?
Soaps and/or detergents that clean the skin.
What are Emulsifiers?
- Surfactants that cause oil and water to mix and form an emulsion.
- an ingredient that brings two normally incomparable materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend.
Define: Oil Soluble
Comparable with oil
Define: Water Soluble
Mixable with water
What are Carbomers used for?
To thicken creams and frequently used in gel products.
Define: Fragrances
Can come from plant, animal…
Define: Essential Oils
Are highly…
