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Esthetics > Ch. 11: Disorders & Diseases of the Skin > Flashcards

Ch. 11: Disorders & Diseases of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Dermatology

A

The branch of medical science that studies and treats the skin and its disorders and diseases.

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2
Q

What is a Dermatologist?

A

A physician who treats disorders and diseases of the skin.

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3
Q

What are Lesions?

A

Structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury.

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4
Q

What are Primary Lesions?

A

Are characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in the skin color such as Macule or patches, or an elevation formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles, bullae, or pustules.

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5
Q

Bulla

A

Primary Lesion

  • A large blister containing watery fluid.
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6
Q

Cyst

A

Primary Lesion

  • A closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter, above or below the skin.
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7
Q

Macule

A

Primary Lesion

  • A flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or red spot, left after a pimple has healed. Neither raised nor sunken.
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8
Q

What are the 3 types of Lesions?

A

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary.

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9
Q

Nodules

A

Primary Lesion

  • These are often referred to as tumors, but they are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infection.
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10
Q

Papule

A

Primary Lesion

  • a small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule.
  • are less than half an inch (1.25 centimeters) in diameters
  • may have a varied appearance in color and are either rounded, smooth, or rough.
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11
Q

Pustule

A

Primary Lesion

  • an inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, & other debris.
  • a small pus-containing blister that may or may not be caused by an infection.
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12
Q

Tubercle

A

Primary Lesion

  • an abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule.
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13
Q

Tumor

A

Primary Lesion

  • a large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication, varying in size, shape, & color.
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14
Q

Vesicle

A

Primary Lesion

  • a small blister sac containing clear fluid.
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15
Q

Wheal

A

Primary Lesion

  • an itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings.
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16
Q

What are Secondary Lesions?

A

Skin damage, developed in the later stages of disease, that change the structure of tissue or organs.

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17
Q

Crust

A

Secondary Lesion

  • dead cells formed over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material.
18
Q

Excoriation

A

Secondary Lesion

  • a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping.
19
Q

Acne Exocriee

A

Secondary Lesion

  • a disorder where clients purposefully scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring & discoloration.
20
Q

Fissure

A

Secondary Lesion

  • a crack in the skin that may penetrate into the dermis.
21
Q

Keloid

A

Secondary Lesion

  • a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue.
  • usually found in those that are genetically predisposed to them and may occur following an injury or surgery.
22
Q

Scale

A

Secondary Lesion

  • excessive shedding of dead skin cells; flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry or oily.
23
Q

Scar

A

Secondary Lesion

  • discolored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed.
  • the tissue hardens to heal the injury. Thick, elevated scars are hypertrophic.
24
Q

Ulcer

A

Secondary Lesion

  • an open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus & loss of depth.
  • a deep erosion or depression in the skin, normally due to infection or cancer.
25
Q

Acne

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by comedones & blemishes.
  • common acne os known as acne simplex, or acne vulgaris.
26
Q

Asteatosis

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency.
  • can be due to aging, internal disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure.
27
Q

Comedo or Comedones

What is the difference between an open and closed comedo?

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • A noninflamed buildup of cells, sebum, & other debris inside follicles.

*

28
Q

Furuncle

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • also known as a boil. A subcutaneous abscess filled with pus.
  • Furuncles are caused by bacteria in glands or hair follicles.
29
Q

Carbuncles

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • groups of boils
30
Q

Milia

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • these epidermal cysts are small, firm, white papules.
  • whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin with no visible opening.
  • common in dry skin types.
  • may form after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing or chronic exposure to UV radiation.
  • usually found around eyes, cheeks, and forehead.
  • can be treated in a salon or day spa; must be lanced, or opened to be extracted.
31
Q

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • Benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face. They are often white, yellow, or flesh colored.
  • doughnut-shaped with an indentation in the center.
  • these harmless lesions cannot be removed by extraction, only surgically, or frozen off
32
Q

Seborrhea

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • Severe oiliness of the skin; an abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands.
33
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • a skin condition characterized by inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itchiness.
  • red, flaky skin often appears in the eyebrows, in the scalp and hairline, the middle of the forehead, and along the aide of the nose.
34
Q

Steatoma

A

Sebaceous Gland Disorder

  • a sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum and ranging in size from a pea to an orange.
  • usually appears on the scalp, neck, and back.
35
Q

Anhidrosis

A

Sudoriferous Gland Disorder

  • A deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands.
  • often results from a fever or skin disease.
  • requires medical attention.
36
Q

Bromhidrosis

A

Sudoriferous Gland Disorder

  • foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or on the feet.
  • caused by bacteria and yeast that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin.
37
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

Sudoriferous Gland Disorder

  • excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions.
  • also called diaphoresis
38
Q

Malaria Rubra

A

Sudoriferous Gland Disorder

  • also known as prickly heat.
  • acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands.
  • results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure.
39
Q

What is Dermatitis?

A
  • An inflammatory condition of the skin.

* various forms lesions such as eczema, vesicles, or papules.

40
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A
  • is a chronic, relapsing form of dermatitis.
  • irritants & allergens trigger reactions that include dry, cracking skin.
  • redness, itching, & dehydration of the dermatitis make the condition worse.

Esthetics (23 decks)

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