Ch 7 - Race and Ethnicity

Question 1

prejudice

Answer 1

an attitude that judges a person on his or her group’s real or imagined characteristics

Question 2

discrimination

Answer 2

unfair treatment of people because of their group membership

Question 3

race

Answer 3

a social construct used to distinguish people in terms of one or more physical markers, usually with profound effects on their lives

Question 4

scapegoat

Answer 4

a disadvantaged person or category of people whom others blame for their own problems

Question 5

ethnic group

Answer 5

comprises people whose perceived cultural markers are deemed sociall significant. ethnic groups differ from one another in terms of language, religion, customs, values, ancestors, and the like

Question 6

vertical mosaic

Answer 6

a highly ethnically and racially stratified society

Question 7

symbolic ethnicity

Answer 7

a nostalgic allegiance to the culture of the immigrant generation, or that of the old country that is not usually incorporated into everyday behaviour

Question 8

racism

Answer 8

the belief that a visible characteristic of a group, such as skin colour, indicates group inferiority and justifies discrimination

Question 9

institutional racism

Answer 9

bias that is inherent in social institutions and is often not noticed by members of the majority group

Question 10

colonialism

Answer 10

involves people from one country invading and taking political, cultural, and economic control over people from another country

Question 11

internal colonialism

Answer 11

involves one race or ethnic group subjugating another in the same country. it prevents assimilation by segregating the subordinate group in terms of jobs, housing, and social contacts

Question 12

expulsion

Answer 12

the forcible removal of a population from a territory claimed by another population

Question 13

genocide

Answer 13

the intentional extermination of an entire population defined as a race or a people

Question 14

conquest

Answer 14

the forcible capture of land and the economic and political domination of its inhabitants

Question 15

slavery

Answer 15

the ownership and control of people

Question 16

split labour market

Answer 16

exists where low wage workers of one race (i.e. chinese) and high wage workers of another race (i.e. white) compete for the same jobs. in that situation, high wage workers are likely to resent the presence of low wage competitors. conflict is bound to result and racist attitudes to develop or become reinforced .(i.e. CPR, when asians flooded canada and were willing to work for poor, higher up whites resented them and developed terms such as orientals, etc.)

Question 17

transnational communities

Answer 17

communities whose boundaries extend between or among countries

Question 18

pluralism

Answer 18

the retention of racial and ethnic culture combined with equal access to basic social resources