Ch 4 - From Social Interaction to Social Organizations Flashcards
social interaction
involves people communicating face to face or via computer, acting and reacting in relation to other people. it is structured aroudn norms, roles, and statuses
role conflict
occurs when two or more statuses held at the same time place contradictory role demands on a person
role strain
occurs when incompatible role demands are placed on a person in a single status. i.e. flight attendant who has to balance between being “suggestive” and “polite”
emotion management
the act of obeying “feeling rules” (societally) and responding appropriately to situations (again, socially constructed)
emotional labour
emotion management that many people do as part of their job and for which they are paid (i.e. me being HR, daycamp leader, or hostess)`
dramaturgical analysis
views social interaction as a sort of play in which people present themselves so that they appear in the best possible light (Goffman, stage vs shadow)
role distancing
involves giving the impression that we are just going through the motions and that we lack serious commitment to a role
status cues
visual indicators of a person’s social position
stereotypes
rigid views of how members of various groups act, regardless of whether individual group members really behave that way
bureaucracy
a large, impersonal organization composed of many clearly defined positions arranged in a hierarchy
social network
a bounded set of individuals who are linked by the exchange of material or emotional resources
social group
a group composed of one or more networks of people who identify with one another and adhere to defined norms, roles, and statuses
social category
a group composed of people who share similar status but do not identify with one another (i.e. coffee drinkers)
groupthink
group pressure to conform despite individual misgivings
bystander apathy
occurs when people observe someone in an emergency but do not offer help because they feel no responsibility for the incident and justify their inaction by the fact that others are not responding to it (bystander effect)
reference group
a group of people against whom an individual evaluates his or her situation or conduct
primary group
a social group in which norms, roles, and stautses are agreed on but are not put int o writing ex. family, friends
secondary group
a social group that is larger and more impersonal than a primary group ex. sociology class
formal organizations
secondary groups designed to achieve specific and explicit objectives
cultural humility
a process of reflection and lifelong inquiry. Involves self awareness of personal and cultural biases
The culture you come from is going to influence how you see and interact with other people
Culturally specific
Awareness to significant cultural issues of others
in-group/out-group
members of an in-group typically draw a boundary separating themselves from members of the outgroup, and they try to keep out-group members from crossing the line
othering/marginalization
treating someone indifferently based on ascribed statuses
