Ch 2 - Culture Flashcards

1
Q

culture

A

practices, languages, symbols, beliefs, values, ideologies, and material objects that is socially constructed and transmitted by people to deal with real-life problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

society

A

a group of people who interact (usually within a defined territory geographically) and share a culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

abstraction

A

the human capacity to create general ideas or ways of thinking that are not linked to particular instances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

symbols

A

things that carry particular meanings ex. language, math signs. Symbols allow us to classify experiences and generalize from it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cooperation

A

the human capacity to createa complex social life by sharing resources and working together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

norms

A

generally accepted ways of doing things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

values

A

ideas about what is right and wrong, good and bad, beautiful and ugly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

folkway

A

the least important type of norm-a norm that evokes the least severe punishment when violated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

more

A

a core norm that most people believe is essential for the survivial of their group or their society (moderately severe punishment when violated; requires there to be both a social PREFERENCE and social REQUIREMENT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

taboo

A

the strongest type of norm. when someone violates a taboo, it causes revulsion in the community, and pushment is severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

production

A

the human capacity to make and use tools. It improves our ability to take what we want from nature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

material culture

A

the tools and techniques that enable people to accomplish tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

high culture

A

culture consumed mainly by upper classes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

popular culture (or mass culture)

A

culture consumed by all classes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dominant culture

A

helps rich and powerful categories of people exercise control over others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

subordinate culture

A

contests dominant culture to varying degrees

17
Q

language

A

a system of symbols strung together to communicate thought

18
Q

sapir-whorf thesis

A

we experience certain things and form concepts about said things then develop language to express as such. language influences how we see the world

19
Q

ethnocentrism

A

the tendency to judge other cultures exclusively by the standards of your own

20
Q

multiculturalism

A

policy that reflects canada’s ethnic and racial diversity in the past and enhances its ethnic and racial diversity today

21
Q

cultural relativism

A

the belief that all cultures have equal value

22
Q

rights revolution

A

the process by which socially excluded groups have struggled to win equal rights under the law and in practice

23
Q

rites of passage

A

cultural ceremonies that mark the transition from one stage of life to another (ex. baptisms, confirmations, weddings) or from life to death (ex. funerals)

24
Q

postmodernism

A

culture characterized by an eclectic mix of cultural elements from different times and places, the erosion of authority, and the decline of consensus around core values

25
Q

rationalization

A

the application of the most efficient means to achieve given goals and the unintended, negative consequences of doing so

26
Q

consumerisms

A

the tendency to define ourselves in terms of the goods and services we purchase

27
Q

subculture

A

a set of distinctive values, norms, and practices within a larger culture

28
Q

countercultures

A

subversive subcultures that oppose dominant values and seek to replace them