Ch 7 Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances

Question 1

Cytosol

Answer 1

Cell liquid

Question 2

Electrolytes

Answer 2

Substances that produce an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solution, such as water

Question 3

Dissolved electrolytes separate into:

Answer 3

Anions - negatively charged particles

Cations - positively charged particles

Question 4

Electrolytes do what

Answer 4

Deliver nutrients, take out waste

groceries in, garbage out

Question 5

Solutes definition and examples

Answer 5

particles dissolved in fluid. Electrolytes and albumin

Question 6

Albumin is an indicator of what

Answer 6

protein

Question 7

Solvent definition and examples

Answer 7

fluids.
Extracellular
Intracellular
Interstitial

Question 8

Which fluid makes up the majority of our body fluids?

Answer 8

Intracellular

Question 9

Intracellular fluid, percentage of total body weight and makeup

Answer 9

40% TBW, filtrate of blood

Question 10

Extracellular fluid makeup and total body weight

Answer 10

20% TBW, made of Interstitial Fluid and Intravenous Fluid

Question 11

Interstitial fluid makeup and % of ECF

Answer 11

Usually just a pass-by.
Filtrate of blood, Not much water, some sodium, except in inflammation.
Makes up 80% ECF

Question 12

Intravenous Fluid make up and % ECF

Answer 12

blood plasma - 20% ECF

Question 13

ICF is contained where and tends to be what

Answer 13

contained in cells, tends to be stable. Closely regulated.

Question 14

ECF does what, transports what

Answer 14

plasma travels through body, transports blood cells, proteins, clotting factors, antibodies, electrolytes, nutrients, gasses, and wastes

Question 15

A lot of water is exchanged in the lungs T/F

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Body is __% water

Answer 16

60%

Question 17

Assessment of Fluid Status

Answer 17

Daily weight, 24hr I&O

Question 18

Insensible water loss comes from:

Answer 18

Respirations, sweat, feces

Question 19

Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 19

systolic blood pressure decrease of at least 20 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure decrease of at least 10 mm Hg within 3 minutes when going from a lying to a standing position

Question 20

Dehydration

Answer 20

a state of diminished water volume in the body.
 Deficit of intracellular fluid, which causes body cells to shrink.
 Decreased amount of water in the extracellular fluid.

Question 21

Symptoms of Dehydration

Answer 21

	Thirst
	Dry mucous membranes
	Poor skin turgor
	Hypotension
	Low urine output
	Dark-colored urine
	In newborn; depressed fontanelle

Question 22

Osmosis

Answer 22

Movement of FLUID(SOLVENT) from less concentrated to more concentrated

Question 23

Diffusion

Answer 23

Movement of MOLECULES (SOLUTE) from higher concentration to lower concentration

Question 24

Passive Transport

Answer 24

Freely moves with gradient, does not require ATP

Question 25

Active Transport

Answer 25

Requires ATP to move across membrane, against gradient

Question 26

Facilitated Transport

Answer 26

Requires a carrier protein to move across membran

Question 27

Hydrostatic Pressure is the force against…

Answer 27

Force against capillary membranes during pumping of blood in vessels.

Question 28

Hydrostatic Force is ___ force by ____ through ___ into ____

Answer 28

outward, pushing force by water in the bloodstream, from ECF, through capillary membranes, into ISF & ICF

Question 29

Source of hydrostatic pressure

Answer 29

the heart’s pumping action

Question 30

Osmotic Pressure is created by and opposes what

Answer 30

Sodium (Na+) and Plasma proteins (soluble/particle) in blood (solution). Osmotic pressure opposes hydrostatic pressure