Ch 7 (Exam 1) Flashcards
social Darwinism
- government should adopt laissez-faire approach to ensure survival of the fittest
- popularized by Herbert Spencer
synthetic philosophy
- system that applies evolutionary theory to all human knowledge and experience
- Herbert Spencer
William James
- paved the way for functionalism
- introduced philosophy of pragmatism into psychology
stream of consciousness
- emphasizes the unity and dynamic nature of mental life
- concept originated by William James
pragmatism
- doctrine that equates truth with usefulness
Mary Calkins
- student of William James
- first woman president of APA
- made significant contributions to learning and memory
variability hypothesis
- men compared to woman show wider range of physical and mental development
Leta Hollingworth
- her research challenged misconceptions about women and so-called mental defectives
- pioneer in area of gifted children
John Dewey
- wrote seminal paper about reflex arc making start of functionalism
James Angell
- transformed functionalism from a movement into a working school at University of Chicago
Harvey Carr
- leader of functionalism while at its peak at University of Chicago
Robert Woodworth
- founder of dynamic psychology
- worked in spirit of functionalism at Columbia University
dynamic psychology
- school concerned with motivation stemming from internal conditions of organism
Which of the following statements is true?
a) One might define functional psychology as the belief that scientific psychology should be modeled after Darwinian theory and that understanding the organism’s interaction with its environment is as important as knowing the presumed contents of its mind.
b) William James argued that belief in God is justified by the good that such belief brings into our lives.
c) Both a and b.
d) Neither a nor b
c) Both a and b
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events according to William James’ theory of emotions?
a) see lover -> embrace lover -> feel love
b) see lover -> feel love -> embrace lover
c) feel love -> see lover –> embrace lover
d) embrace lover -> see lover -> feel love
a) see lover -> embrace lover -> feel love
Herbert Spencer
- more pervasive effect than any other philosopher at that time
- thought evolution had a purpose, progress
characteristics of consciousness (James)
- personal
- dynamic
- continuous
- selective
- functional
who is responsible for using the term functionalism?
- Titchener
- in opposition
what was the biggest contribution of functionalism?
- application
- shift from lab to solution of practical problems
James-Lange theory of emotions
- bodily expression precedes subjective mental experience
motor theory of consciousness
- bodily expression precedes conscious experience
