Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NCE > Ch. 7 - Career Development > Flashcards

Ch. 7 - Career Development Flashcards

1
Q

Trait & Factor Matchig Theory

A

-EG Williamson based on knowledge of Frank Parsons
- Relies on tests and assessments to match traits, aptitude, and interests with a given occupation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

John Holland’s Personality and Environments Career Typology

A
  • 6 domains (hexagon): RIASEC: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional
  • Congruence between job and person is emphasized
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Donald Super

A
  • Self-concept and developmental stage theory
  • Life span, life-space model
    Self-concept and career maturity influences one’s career throughout life span
  • Life rainbow conceptualizes roles as child, student, leisurite, citizen, worker, spouse, homemaker, parent, and pensioner
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anne Roe

A
  • Early childhood needs-theory
  • Vocational choice is related to personality development at young age
  • Influenced by Freudian psychoanalytic doctrines and Maslow
  • Vocational Interest Inventory (VII) and Career Occupational Preference System use Roe’s fields and taxonomy
  • Person or non-person oriented?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

John Krumboltz

A
  • Learning theory of career counseling (LTCC)
  • A social learning theory
  • 4 factors can be used to simplify career development process:
    1. Genetic endowment and unique abilities
    2. Environmental conditions and life events
    3 Learning experiences (Pavlovian, social learning theory, or Skinnerian)
    4. Task approach skills (problem solving, cognitive responses, emotional patterns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, & Herma

A
  • Developmental approach
  • Ages 11 and under = fantasy
  • 11-17 = tentative
  • 17-early adulthood = realistic
  • Original hypothesis that career choice was irreversible was later dropped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mark Savickas

A
  • Career construction postmodern theory
  • Worked with Super
  • Critical of most traditional theories
  • Rooted heavily in narrative therapy
  • Intervention looks at recurring themes to re-author the story
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Social cognitive counseling theory (SCCT)

A
  • Focuses on how one’s belief system impacts career choice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Linda Gottfredson

A
  • Theory of circumscription
  • Phase 1: Rule out certain jobs not acceptable for gender, sterotypes, and social class and compromise
  • Phase 2: Change mind, major, etc. if career path is not truly realistic
  • A developmental approach taking one’s childhood into account
  • Social space refers to the zone or territory of jobs where he or she fits into society
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Edgar H Schein

A
  • Eight career anchors theory
  • Career anchors manifiest approx. 5-10 years after a person begins work and guide future career choices
  • Career anchors are based on self-concept, abilities, etc.
  • Originally 5 anchors, but now 8:
    1. Autonomy/independence
    2. Security/stability
    3. Technical/functional competence
    4. General managerial competence
    5. Entrepreneurial creativity
    6. Service/dedication to a cuase
    7. Pure challenge
    8. Lifestyle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glass ceiling phenomenon
Lavender ceiling phenomenon

A
  • Women are limited in terms of how far they can advance
  • Same as above for LGBTQ+
  • Form of occupational sex-role stereotyping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most high/middle school students want…

A

Career guidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Career interests are more stable…

A

After college

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dual-career families/couples…

A

Have less leisure time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trait-factor career counseling

A
  • Assumes individual’s traits can be measured so accurately the choice of occupation is a 1x thing
  • Does not focus on development or career maturity
  • Testing is important
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Frank Parsons

A

Father of vocational guidance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pioneers of developmental approaches

A

Ginzberg et al.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Super, Tiedeman, O’Hara derive from…

A

Developmental psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anne Roe’s approach

A
  • Personality approach based on premise that a job satisifies an unconscious need / individual’s needs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Edmund Williamson

A

Minnesota Occupational Rating Scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Trait-factor vs. Developmental

A

TF - no individual change across lifespan
Dev - stages across lifespan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Career choice includenced by

A
  • Genetics
  • Parent-child interaction
  • Unconscious motivators
  • Current needs
  • Interests
  • Education
  • Intelligence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Roe’s 2-dimensional system:

A
  • Fields and levels
  • 8 fields: service, business, contact, organizations, technology, outdoor, science, general culture, arts/entertainment
  • 6 levels: professional and managerial 1, P&M 2, semi-professional/small business, skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled
24
Q

Roe’s 3 parenting styles:

A

Overpretective
Avoidant
Acceptant

25
Q

Some support for Roe’s theory comes from…

A
  • Rorschach & Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
26
Q

Bordin

A
  • Career choices could be used to solve unconscious conflicts
  • Psychodynamic
  • Unconscious mind
27
Q

Brill:

A
  • Sublimation = expresses an unacceptable need in a socially acceptable manner
    (i.e., a football player cecause enjoys hurting people or a butcher because they enjoy cutting things)
28
Q

Most popular career theory today:

A

Holland’s 6 personality types
RIASEC

29
Q

Robert Hoppock’s theory

A
  • Personality approach based on Henry Murray
  • Needs-press theory and TAT
  • Occupation is used to meet a person’s need currently
30
Q

Super’s 5-stage theory

A
  • Growth
  • Exploration
  • Establishment
  • Maintenance
  • Decline
31
Q

Career maturity is associated with…

A

John Crites

32
Q

Decision-making theory

A
  • Tiedman and O’hara
  • Periods of anticipation and implementation
  • Individual has power to choose from various careers
  • Based on Erikson’s psychosocial stages
33
Q

Role of modeling associated with…

A
  • Bandura
  • learn from consequences of self and watching others
    Krumboltz’s social learning approach to career choice is based on Bandura
34
Q

Nancy Schlossberg

A
  • Focused on adult career development
  • 5 factors:
    1. behavior in the adult years is primarily determined by social rather than biological factors
    2. behavior can either be a function of one’s life stage or one’s age at other times
    3. sex differences are actually more powerful than age or stage differeneces
    4. adults continually experience transitions which require adaptation and self-assessment
    5. identity, intimacy, and generativity are recurring themes in adulthood
35
Q

Beavioral techniques for jobs

A
  • Realistic job preview (RJP)
  • Guided imagery
36
Q

Gelatt Decision Model

A
  • Harry Gelatt
  • Info can be organized into 3 systems: predictive, value, decision
  • info is the fuel of the decision
37
Q

Linda Gottfredson’s dvelopmental theory

A
  • focuses on circumscription and compromise theory
  • Circumscription: Restrict choices
  • Compromise theory: Sacrifies field of work before sacrifie sex-typed behavior/prestige
38
Q

OOH =

A

Occupational Outlook Handbook (trends)

39
Q

DOT =

A

Dictionary of occupational titles ~20,000 jobs at zenith
- utilizes a 9 digit code
- now, O’Net lists far fewer jobs

40
Q

Self-efficacy theory

A
  • Bandura
  • One’s belief or expectation of being successul in an occupation causes gravitation to that occupation
41
Q

Compensatory effect =

A

Excelling in other areas due to hating job / not doing well at work

42
Q

Recency effect =

A

Rater’s judgment of an employee reflects primarily most recent performance

43
Q

Leniency/Strictness bias

A

Rater tends to give very high or very low ratings, avoiding the middle

44
Q

Central tendency bias

A

Rater tends to give mediocre or middle ratings avoiding the extremes

45
Q

National vocational guidance association

A

1913
- later became american personnel and guidance association (1952)
- then american association for counseling and development (1983)
- then ACA (1992)

46
Q

Kuder Career Planning System

A
  • for K-12, postsecondary, and adults
47
Q

Dual career families earn…

A
  • more than dual earner families
  • Advancement is possible
48
Q

Aptitude test =

A
  • speculates about whether or not you could capture these skills with proper training/experience
  • measures potential
49
Q

Achievement test =

A
  • measures adeptness of a skill
50
Q

Job analysis:

A
  • procedure, tasks, etc. are examined
  • leads to job description
51
Q

Job evaluation:

A
  • Rates value of job within an organization for pay
  • leads to job pay
52
Q

Re-entry person

A
  • Working within the home to outside of the home
  • Increased indecision
53
Q

In-basket technique

A
  • Job simulation exercise where one is monitored in how they deal with the tasks
54
Q

Job clubs

A
  • Azrin et al
  • behavioristic vocational rehab
  • recommended for disability
55
Q

Selective placement philosophy

A
  • Counselor gives client job leads and takes an active stance
  • Vocational rehab uses selective placement
56
Q
A

NCE (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions