Ch 7: Assessment (Appraisal)

Question 1

7.1

• *1. Developed by Robert Yerkes, the __________ is a language-free test that was designed to assess the cognitive ability of military recruits who could not read or were**
• *foreign born.**
  a. Army Alpha
  b. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test
  c. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
  d. Army Beta

Answer 1

d. Army Beta

Question 2

• *2. If a professional school counselor wants to know if a student is ready to move to the next grade level, she should administer a(n)**
  a. maximal performance test.
  b. speed test.
  c. objective test.
  d. typical performance test.

Answer 2

a. maximal performance test.

Question 3

• *3. Holly is a third grader who is academically struggling. Her mother discloses to the school counselor that she believes Holly might have a learning disability. Under IDEA legislation, Holly is entitled to which of the following?**
  a. Confidentiality of her student records, which could contain results from any disability testing services she receives.
  b. The right to receive appropriate accommodations during the administration of class tests since she may have a learning disability.
  c. The right to receive disability testing services at the expense of the public school system in order to determine if she does have a learning disability.
  d. The right to receive vocational assessment and counseling services.

Answer 3

c. The right to receive disability testing services at the expense of the public school system in order to determine if she does have a learning disability.

Question 4

4. A professional counselor releases a client’s test results to a bachelor’s-level case manager who has no training in testing and assessment. What ethical guideline was violated?
a. Informed consent
b. Release of results to qualified professionals
c. Communicating test results
d. Competence to use and interpret assessment
instruments

Answer 4

b. Release of results to qualified professionals

Question 5

• *5. A professional counselor would like information related to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Specifically, he would like information related to the instrument’s score reliability and validity, as well as a critique of using the assessment in clinical settings. Which source is designed to provide this information?**
  a. Mental Measurements Yearbook
  b. Tests in Print
  c. Tests
  d. DSM-5

Answer 5

a. Mental Measurements Yearbook

Question 6

7.2

• *1. Which of the following is NOT true about test validity?**
  a. Validity should be reported in terms of test purpose and intended population.
  b. Test scores do not have to be valid to be reliable.
  c. A validity coefficient of .55 is high.
  d. False positive errors contribute to a lack of test score validity.

Answer 6

b. Test scores do not have to be valid to be reliable.

Question 7

• *2. A counseling researcher wants to establish the reliability of a new eating disorder scale. She administers the scale to the same participants twice to evaluate the consistency of scores over time. Which type of reliability is the counseling researcher using?**
  a. Alternate form reliability
  b. Split-half reliability
  c. Test-retest reliability
  d. Factor analysis

Answer 7

c. Test-retest reliability

Question 8

• *3. If a math test item has positive item discrimination, it can be said that**
  a. more students who knew the material answered the question correctly than students who did not know the material well.
  b. more students who did not know the material well answered the question correctly than students who knew the material.

c. all students answered the question correctly.
d. 50% of all students answered the question correctly.

Answer 8

a. more students who knew the material answered the question correctly than students who did not know the material well.

Question 9

• *4. A professional counselor would like to track her clients’ therapeutic outcomes. She decides to administer each client a shortened version of the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45). The shortened version has 30 items, which is 15 items less than the full-length version. Which of the following is a concern when administering a shorter test?**
  a. Item discrimination
  b. Face validity
  c. Reliability
  d. Decision accuracy

Answer 9

c. Reliability

Question 10

5. Item response theory can be used to
a. detect equivalence in an item that is written in different languages.
b. detect item bias in the same test given to African Americans and Latino Americans.
c. determine if an SAT score of 1,000 is equivalent to an IQ score of 114.
d. give a bright student an exam with more difficult
items.

Answer 10

b. detect item bias in the same test given to African Americans and Latino Americans.

Question 11

7.3

• *1. If a client scored 45 on an anxiety screening, what can the professional counselor conclude about his level of anxiety?**
  a. The client has a high level of anxiety and should be medicated.
  b. The client has an average level of anxiety and his symptoms should improve with CBT.
  c. The client has a low level of anxiety and does not need to seek treatment.
  d. There is not enough information to make a clinical decision about the client’s anxiety level and need for treatment

Answer 11

d. There is not enough information to make a clinical decision about the client’s anxiety level and need for treatment

Question 12

• *2. If a set of high school standardized test scores with a mean of 74 and a standard deviation of 10 is normally distributed, what is the median?**
  a. 64
  b. 84
  c. 74
  d. 104

Answer 12

c. 74

Question 13

• *3. In a normal distribution, __________ of scores falls between -1 and +2 standard deviations?**
  a. 68%
  b. 2%
  c. 82%
  d. 98%

Answer 13

c. 82%

Question 14

• *4. If the mean on an intelligence test is 100 and the standard deviation is 20, what is the percentile rank of a client who scored an 80 on that test?**
  a. 34
  b. 50
  c. 84
  d. 16

Answer 14

d. 16

Question 15

• *5. An individual with a z-score of -1.3 has a stanine score of**
  a. 2.4
  b. 37
  c. 2
  d. 22.62

Answer 15

a. 2.4

Question 16

7.4

• *1. Achievement testing includes each of the following EXCEPT**
  a. teacher-constructed criterion-referenced tests.
  b. standardized norm-referenced tests.
  c. intelligence tests.
  d. All of the above are examples of achievement testing.

Answer 16

c. intelligence tests.

Question 17

• *2. John, a third-grade student, is having trouble in math. The school counselor suspects that John has a learning disability in math. Which of the following tests could be used to determine whether John has a learning disability in math?**
  a. Iowa Test of Basic Skills
  b. Stanford Achievement Test
  c. Graduate Record Exam
  d. Key Math Diagnostic Test

Answer 17

d. Key Math Diagnostic Test

Question 18

• *3. Which of the following is NOT an example of an aptitude test?**
  a. GRE general test
  b. The Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)
  c. Otis-Lennon School Ability Test
  d. WRAT4

Answer 18

d. WRAT4

Question 19

• *4. A high school counselor would like to administer a vocational aptitude assessment to students in the ninth grade that will assess multiple aptitudes. Her hope is that the assessment will highlight student vocational strengths and offer potential careers that students might be interested in.**
• *Which of the following assessments would be appropriate for the school counselor to administer?**
  a. Skills Profiler Series
  b. Differential Aptitude Test (DAT)
  c. ACT Assessment
  d. Clerical Test Battery

Answer 19

b. Differential Aptitude Test (DAT)

Question 20

• *5. William Stern’s ratio intelligence quotient, popularized on early versions of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, was calculated by dividing one’s**
  a. mental age by chronological age.
  b. broad cognitive abilities by narrow cognitive abilities.
  c. chronological age by one’s mental age.
  d. narrow cognitive abilities by broad cognitive abilities.

Answer 20

a. mental age by chronological age.

Question 21

7.5

• *1. A professional counselor would like to administer an objective personality assessment to her adult client. She would like the assessment to identity DSM-5 related personality disorders. Which of the following assessments should the counselor use?**
  a. California Psychological Inventory (CPI)
  b. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-IV)
  c. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
  d. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2)

Answer 21

b. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-IV)

Question 22

• *2. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator uses four dichotomous scales to measure personality. What specific aspect of personality does the sensing vs. intuition scale measure?**
  a. How you perceive the world around you.
  b. How you make decisions.
  c. Where your energy is directed.
  d. How you deal with the external world.

Answer 22

a. How you perceive the world around you.

Question 23

• *3. In an initial session a professional counselor notices the client appears disheveled, has abnormal movements, and appears paranoid. The professional counselor is concerned about the client and would like to administer an assessment that will capture information on the client’s appearance, movement, and thought content. Which one of the following assessments is most appropriate?**
  a. Mental status exam
  b. Bayley scales
  c. House-Tree-Person
  d. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inteventory-2

Answer 23

a. Mental status exam

Question 24

• *4. Performance assessments**
  a. require examinees to complete a paper-and-pencil test.
  b. require examinees to perform a task.
  c. are advantageous when working with highly verbal clients.
  d. All of the above.

Answer 24

b. require examinees to perform a task.

Question 25

• *5. Based on the risk factors associated with committing suicide, which client is MOST likely to commit suicide?**
  a. An 18-year-old, African American male with a family history of suicide.
  b. A 78-year-old, widowed Caucasian female who is depressed.
  c. A 40-year-old, Hispanic woman with a diagnosed anxiety disorder and a history of alcohol abuse.
  d. A 67-year-old, divorced Caucasian male who recently lost his job and reports feelings of hopelessness.

Answer 25

d. A 67-year-old, divorced Caucasian male who recently lost his job and reports feelings of hopelessness.

Question 26

7.6

• *1. Requiring minority students to take standardized college admission exams that were designed for White, middle-class students constitutes __________ bias.**
  a. interpretive
  b. situational
  c. ecological
  d. examiner

Answer 26

c. ecological

Question 27

• *2. According to the ACA and NBCC codes of ethics, professional counselors**
  a. must rely on cultural stereotypes when assessing multicultural populations.
  b. do not need to be knowledgeable about the client’s culture if using a multiculturally appropriate assessment.
  c. use instruments that provide norms for the specific client population that is being assessed.
  d. All of the above.

Answer 27

c. use instruments that provide norms for the specific client population that is being assessed.

Question 28

• *3. When administering a test to a client from a different cultural background, professional counselors should consider using a test that has been adapted over one that has been**
• *translated for all but ONE of the following reasons.**
  a. Test adaptation includes translating language, as well as empirically evaluating the cultural equivalence.
  b. Test adaptation is preferred to test translation.
  c. Test translation has been heavily criticized for assuming equivalence in content and values across cultures.
  d. Test translation sufficiently reduces cultural bias in testing.

Answer 28

d. Test translation sufficiently reduces cultural bias in testing.

Question 29

• *4. A career counselor would like to begin administering the Strong Interest Inventory via the computer vs. paper-and-pencil. Which of the following would be a disadvantage of implementing computer-based testing?**
  a. Greater scoring accuracy
  b. Can provide immediate feedback concerning client performance
  c. Clients prefer test administration via the computer when responding to sensitive topics
  d. Minimizes human contact and involvement in the testing process

Answer 29

d. Minimizes human contact and involvement in the testing process

Question 30

• *5. The GRE has the ability to modify the test structure and items to the examinee’s ability level. This characteristic makes the GRE a(n)**
  a. aptitude test.
  b. computer-adaptive test.
  c. projective test.
  d. computer-based test.

Answer 30

b. computer-adaptive test.

Question 31

7.7

1. The DSM-5

a. is not often used by professional counselors.
b. is difficult to interpret into laymen’s terms for the client.
c. provides a common language for mental health professionals to communicate with one another.
d. All of the above.

Answer 31

c. provides a common language for mental health professionals to communicate with one another.

Question 32

• *2. Which of the following is a DSM-5 neurodevelopmental disorder?**
  a. Posttraumatic stress disorder.
  b. Antisocial personality disorder.
  c. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
  d. Oppositional defiant disorder.

Answer 32

c. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Question 33

• *3. Individuals with conduct disorder cannot simultaneously be diagnosed with**
  a. Oppositional defiant disorder.
  b. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
  c. Separation anxiety disorder.
  d. Learning disorder.

Answer 33

a. Oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 34

• *4. Alam has been feeling down since he left his country of origin three years ago. He misses his family, his children, his culture, and his language. There are not many people from Bangladesh living in his neighborhood. He’s experienced a depressed mood more often than not during this**
• *time period. Alam would likely be diagnosed with**
  a. major depressive disorder.
  b. cyclothymic disorder.
  c. bipolar I disorder.
  d. persistent depressive disorder.

Answer 34

d. persistent depressive disorder.

Question 35

• *5. __________ has been translated to mean “fear of the marketplace.”**
  a. Agoraphobia
  b. Factitious disorder
  c. Paraphilia
  d. Hypochondriasis

Answer 35

a. Agoraphobia