ch. 7

Question 1

homo

Answer 1

genus of bipeds that appeared 2.5 million years ago, characterized by increased brain size than earlier bipeds. This genus is divided into various species based on features such brain size, skull shape, cultural capabilities

Question 2

oldowan tool tradition

Answer 2

early stone tool industry, beginning 2.5 - 2.6 million years ago

Question 3

percussion method

Answer 3

technique of stone tool manufacture preformed by striking raw material against stone anvil to remove flakes

Question 4

lower paleolithic

Answer 4

1st part of old Stone Age beginning with the earliest lomekwian tools spanning from 200,000-250,000 years ago- 3.3 million years ago

Question 5

lomekwian tool tradition

Answer 5

earliest stone tools dating back to 3.3 million ears ago, found in 2015 Kenya

Question 6

experimental archaeology

Answer 6

recreation of ancient life ways by modern paleoanthropologists In order to test hypotheses, interpretations, and past assumptions

Question 7

homo habilis

Answer 7

“handy human” first fossils members of the genus homo appearing 2.5 million years ago with larger brains and smaller faces than australipithecines

Question 8

gender

Answer 8

cultural elaborations and meanings assigned to the biological differentiation of the sexes

Question 9

marrow

Answer 9

fatty nutrias tissue inside long bones where blood cells are produced

Question 10

tertiary scavenger

Answer 10

in food chain, the 3rd in line to get something from a carcass after predator killed prey

Question 11

homo erectus

Answer 11

“upright human” species within the genus homo first appearing just after 2 million years ago in Africa and ultimately spreading throughout the world.

Question 12

acheulean tradition

Answer 12

prevalent style of stone tools associated with homo Erectus remains; represented by hand axe

Question 13

hypoglossal canal

Answer 13

opening in skull that accommodates tongue controlling hypoglossal nerve

Question 14

archaic Homo sapiens

Answer 14

a loosely defined group within the genus homo that “lumpers” assign to fossils with the combination of large brain size and ancestral features on the skull

Question 15

levalloisian technique

Answer 15

toolmaking technique by which 3 or 4 long triangular flakes are detached from a specially prepared core; developed by members of genus homo transitional from h. Erectus to h. sapiens

Question 16

neandertal

Answer 16

distinct fossil group within genus homo inhabiting Europe and Southeast Asia from approx. 30,000 - 125000 years ago. todays genetic evidence extends their range both forward and backwards in time

Question 17

denisovan

Answer 17

newly discovered group of archaic Homo sapiens from southern Siberia between 30,000-50,000 years ago

Question 18

middle paleolithic

Answer 18

part of old Stone Age characterized by the development of the mousterian tool tradition and earlier levalloisian traditions

Question 19

mousterian tool tradition

Answer 19

tool industry of Neanderthals and their contemporaries of Europe, southwest Asia, and North Africa from 40,000-125,000 years ago