ch. 11

Question 1

race

Answer 1

taxonomic category of a sub species that is not applicable to humans because the division of humans into discrete types does not represent the true nature of human biological variation

Question 2

genocide

Answer 2

the physical extermination of one people by another, either as a deliberate act or as the accidental outcome of activities carried out by one people with little regards to others

Question 3

racism

Answer 3

a doctrine of superiority by which one group justifies the dehumanization and degradation of others based on physical characteristics

Question 4

structural violence

Answer 4

physical and psychological harm caused by impersonal, exploitative, and unjust social, political and economic structures (poverty, hunger, illness, environmental destruction)

Question 5

polymorphic

Answer 5

term to describe species with alternative forms (alleles) of different genes

Question 6

polytypic

Answer 6

term to describe expression of genetic variants in different frequencies in different populations of a species

Question 7

epicanthic fold

Answer 7

a fold of skin at the inner corner of eye (asians)

Question 8

thrifty genotype

Answer 8

a human genotype that may permit the efficient storage of fat to draw on in times of food storage and conservation of glucose and nitrogen

Question 9

lactose

Answer 9

a sugar that is the primary constituent of fresh milk

Question 10

lactase

Answer 10

an enzyme in the small intestine that enables humans to assimilate lactose

Question 11

melanin

Answer 11

a dark pigment produced in the outer layer of the skins that protects against damaging ultraviolet solar radiation