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Health AHS 111-004 > CH 7-8 > Flashcards

CH 7-8 Flashcards

1
Q

overweight

A

body weight that exceeds the recommended guidelines for good health

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2
Q

obesity

A

body weight that greatly exceeds the recommended guidelines

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3
Q

healthy body weight is defined as…

A

one that achieves a healthy BMI, body compositions with a healthy amount of body fat, fat distribution that is not a risk factor for illness, and the absence of any medical conditions that suggest a potential benefit from weight loss or gain

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4
Q

Body mass index(BMI)

A

a measure of your weight relative to your height

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5
Q

body fat is essential for

A

vital hormone function

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6
Q

healthy ranges of body fat(non-athletic)

A

8-24 percent for men, 21-35 percent for women

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7
Q

healthy ranges of body fat(athletic)

A

5-10 percent for men, 15-20 percent for women

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8
Q

excess body fat

A

what appears to be the cause of increased health risk

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9
Q

most accurate methods of measuring body composition

A

immersion and DXA

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10
Q

central obesity

A

fat carried around and above the waist

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11
Q

obesity affects lifespan by

A

shortening them and making them less healthy

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12
Q

Overweight BMI

A

30 and over

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13
Q

to gain weight in a healthy manner

A

you should engage in physical activity that emphasizes weight training

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14
Q

issues that can occur when you have too much body fat

A

increased risk of heart disease and chronic low-level inflammation

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15
Q

abdominal fat

A

associatiated with high cholesterol levels

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16
Q

obese people are at increased risk for

A

high blood pressure and coronary heart disease

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17
Q

if both parents are obese…

A

you have a greater likelihood of being obese

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18
Q

factors associated with good health

A

absence of any medical conditions that would suggest a need for weight loss, an acceptable body mass index, and fat distribution that does not pose any risk for illness

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19
Q

things that can improve body composition and reduce the risk of obesity later in life

A

avoidance of sugar-sweetened beverages, maintenance of regular sleep patterns, and breastfeeding

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20
Q

to gain weight, you should eat

A

energy dense foods such as nuts and fish

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21
Q

obesogenic environment

A

means that components of our environment can make it harder for us to establish health dietary and physical activity patterns

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22
Q

energy balance

A

relationship of the intake calories to the consumption of calories through metabolism and movement

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23
Q

during puberty, men and women will have a difference in body fat of…

A

about 10%

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24
Q

thermic effect of food

A

an estimate of the amount of energy required to process the food an individual eats

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25
Q

Weight gain is _____ (relationship between energy balance and weight)

A

positive energy balance

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26
Q

Weight loss is _____ (relationship between energy balance and weight)

A

negative energy balance

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27
Q

Weight maintenance is _______ (relationship between energy balance and weight)

A

energy in is the same as the energy out

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28
Q

How many pounds per week is considered healthy?

A

1-2 pounds

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29
Q

fad diets

A

typically follow a pattern of altering the balance of carbs, protein, and fat

30
Q

Which programs follow evidence-based guidelines and have demonstrated safely and success over 12 months with weight loss?

A

Weight watchers, Jenny Craig, and Optifast

31
Q

T or F; manufacturers are dietary supplements must submit proof of their safety and efficacy to the FDA prior to sale

A

False

32
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

the rate at which the body uses energy to maintain basic life functions

33
Q

The size acceptance movement is also known as the ____ and ____ movement

A

fit and fat

34
Q

Because a pound of body fat stores about this many calories, you will need to decrease your total calorie intake for the week by this same number to lose one pound of weight

A

3,500

35
Q

Reducing the time spent in sedentary activities could mean less time doing what?

A

watching television and riding in cars

36
Q

Fad diets typically label products as good or bad, and they often typically:

A

prescribe foods that allegedly burn fat, and require the elimination of one of the basic food groups

37
Q

Popular weight management organizations, such as Jenny Craig, Overeaters anonymous, TOPS, and Weight Watchers all:

A

include education and weekly support

38
Q

The size acceptance movement aims to change the focus of health from weight loss to weight ______

A

management

39
Q

Local governments can promote healthy foods by…

A

setting aside land for community gardens, making loans cheaper for supermarkets in underserved areas, and providing tax breaks for stores selling healthy food

40
Q

What is linked to establishing a healthier lifestyle?

A

150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical exercise every week, and eating a balanced diet

41
Q

Body image is strongly influenced by ______

A

sociocultural

42
Q

A positive body image is associated with the following…

A

possessing a broad concept of beauty, healthy eating behaviors, and tending to self-care

43
Q

How do women generally feel when they see advertising that portrays women as thin?

A

the advertising makes them feel dissatisfied with themselves

44
Q

To combat obesity, the U.S. surgeon general has challenged schools to:

A

promote healthy, balanced meals

45
Q

The term “body image” refers to:

A

the mental representation you have of your own body

45
Q

Compared with women of other ethnicities, _______ women have historically been the most prone to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders

A

white

46
Q

disordered eating behaviors include:

A

restrictive dieting, skipped meals, occasional binge eating and purging, laxative abuse, and other unhealthy behaviors

47
Q

binge eating disorder

A

been recognized as a psychological disturbance that is associated with weight fluctuation and obesity

48
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

carries the highest death rate of all psychiatric diagnoses and all eating disorders

49
Q

percentages of college students who report disordered eating

A

50-60 for women, 10-50 for men

50
Q

Eating disorders for men are less widely recognized than eating disorders among women because:

A

people often consider eating disorders to be a female problem

51
Q

How does the media portray female beauty?

A

as an object of physical desire

52
Q

T or F; anorexia nervosa is characterized by binge eating

A

false

53
Q

leading causes of anorexia-related death

A

suicide, cardiac arrest, and electrolyte imbalance

54
Q

disordered eating behaviors often involve the severe restriction of _____

A

calories

55
Q

muscle dysmorphia

A

is a subcategory of body dysmorphic disorder

56
Q

How does cosmetic surgery affect people?

A

It can make people less self-conscious by removing an unusual growth or feature, but it can cause health issues immediately or much later

57
Q

Which complication of anorexia is irreversible, particularly when it occurs in adolescence?

A

bone loss

58
Q

What is the first step in treatment of severe eating disorders?

A

to medically stabilize the patient’s weight

59
Q

Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by a person’s preoccupation with an imagined or exaggerated defect in a person’s _____

A

appearance

60
Q

What is the prevalence of tattoos in the United States?

A

An estimated 30% of adults have them; among college students, body art is no longer seen as a form of rebellion

61
Q

A disorder in which a person perceives himself as being insufficiently muscular, no matter his size, is called _______ _______

A

muscle dysmorphia

62
Q

The treatment for exercise disorders is similar to that of _______ _______

A

eating disorders

63
Q

A risk of cosmetic surgery is that it:

A

might not address the psychological issues that prompted the person to have the surgery

64
Q

T or F; Campus programs and policies that ensure food access may reduce disordered eating patterns

A

True

65
Q

What is typically performed in the second phase of treatment for an eating disorder?

A

psychotherapy, nutritional rehabilitation and education, behavioral relearning and modification

66
Q

What is the goal of “Love your Body Day”

A

to challenge narrow cultural body ideals

67
Q

Who used navel piercing as a sign of royalty?

A

Egyptians

68
Q

On college campuses, who can be trained to watch for signs that students are having challenges with the transition to college life?

A

Coaches, professors, and residence advisors

69
Q

What is “The Body Positive”?

A

it supports campuses in creating environments that support self-compassion, healthy eating, and healthy body image; it creates opportunities for students to access and develop skills in yoga, meditation, or mindfulness

Health AHS 111-004 (4 decks)

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