CH 1 Flashcards

(39 cards)

1
Q

health

A

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

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2
Q

physical health

A

the biological integrity of an individual

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3
Q

mental health

A

emotion and intellectual capabilities, or and individual’s sense of well-being

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4
Q

social health

A

the ability of an individual to interact effectively with other people and the social environment

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5
Q

spiritual health

A

the idea that people’s value systems can have an impact on their overall health

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6
Q

socioecological model of health

A

identifies the complex levels and interrelationships that influence your health

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7
Q

life expectancy

A

the number of years a person can expect to live

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8
Q

health disparities

A

differences in health outcomes between specific populations, such as between racial or ethnic groups

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9
Q

health equity

A

occurs when all people have the equal opportunity to attain their full health potential

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10
Q

ethnicity

A

refers to the sense of identity individuals draw from a common ancestry, as well as from common national, religious, tribal, language, and cultural origins

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11
Q

race

A

a term used to describe ethnic groups based on physical characteristics such as skin color or facial features

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12
Q

how many times more likely are black women to die in childbirth?

A

2.5 compared to non hispanic white women, and 3.5 compared to hispanic women

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13
Q

many racial minorities have higher rates of ________?

A

covid 19, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, infant mortality, alcoholism, drug abuse, unintentional injury, and premature death

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14
Q

third leading cause of death in 2020

A

covid-19

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15
Q

public health

A

a discipline that focuses on the health of populations of people

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16
Q

health promotion

A

actions designed to maintain a current health state or to encourage a more desirable one

17
Q

disease prevention

A

defensive actions to ward off specific diseases and their consequences

18
Q

community

A

an interdependence between people and organizations within a defined region

19
Q

community health

A

activities directed toward improving the health of people, or activities employing resources shared by the members of the community

20
Q

the health-belief model

A

a framework developed in the 1950s to understand why people make the health choices they do

21
Q

precontemplation

A

in this stage, you have no motivation to change a behavior.

22
Q

contemplation

A

in this stage, you realize you have a problem behavior

23
Q

preparation

A

the pros win and you plan for change

24
Q

relapse

A

the rule rather than the exception, all you can do is keep trying and don’t get discouraged

25
health-literacy
the ability to read, understand, and act on health information
26
misinformation
information that is contrary to the consensus of the science community
27
disinformation
coordinated and deliberate efforts to circulate known false information for financial, power, or reputational gains
28
health risk
the probability that exposure to a hazard can result in negative consequences
29
Formal studies: basic medical research
typically conducts work on a cellular level or in animals
30
Formal studies: epidemiological studies
using interviews, surveys, and measurements to study large groups of people(cohorts)
31
Formal studies: clinical studies
studying people who have received a particular treatment, screening, diagnostic test, or other intervention
32
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)
where the entire set of genetic instructions is stored
33
genome
the complete set of a person's DNA
34
differentiation
the process of the cells in our body becoming specialized and taking on different functions
35
stem cells
unspecialized cells
36
mutation
copies of chromosomes being slightly different because every so often changes occur in a gene
37
alleles
alternatives forms of a gene(one comes from each parent)
38
multifactorial disorders
health conditions caused by interactions among one or more genes
39
family health tree
a visual representation of your family's genetic history