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Life-span Psych > Ch. 7 > Flashcards

Ch. 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Middle childhood

A

The period between early childhood and early adolescence (ages 6-11)

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2
Q

Childhood overweight

A

Having a BMI above the 85th percentile

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3
Q

Childhood obesity

A

Having a BMI above the 95th percentile

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4
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic disease of the respiratory system in which inflammation narrows the airways from the nose and mouth to the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing

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5
Q

Concrete operational thought

A

Piaget’s term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions

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6
Q

Classification

A

The logical principle that things can be organized into groups according to some characteristics they have in common

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7
Q

Seriation

A

The concept that things can be arranged in a logical series (ABCs)

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8
Q

Selective attention

A

The ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others

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9
Q

Sensory memory

A

Incoming stimulus info is stored for a quick second to allow it to be processed

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10
Q

Working memory

A

Current conscious mental activity occurs

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11
Q

Long-term memory

A

Virtually limitless amounts of information can be stored indefinitely

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12
Q

Knowledge base

A

A body of knowledge that makes it easier to learn new information in a particular sense

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13
Q

Control processes

A

Mechanisms that combine memory, processing speed and knowledge to regulate the analysis and flow of information within the information-processing system

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14
Q

Metacognition

A

“Thinking about thinking”

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15
Q

Reaction time

A

The time it takes to respond to a stimulus

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16
Q

Automatization

A

A process in which repetition of a sequence of thoughts and actions makes the sequence routine, so it no longer requires conscious thought

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17
Q

ELLs

A

Children in the U.S. whose proficiency in English is low

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18
Q

Immersion

A

A strategy in which instruction in all school subjects occurs in the second language that a child is learning

19
Q

Bilingual education

A

A strategy in which school subjects are taught in both the learner’s original language and the second language

20
Q

ESL

A

Teaching English to those who don’t

21
Q

Hidden curriculum

A

The unofficial rules and priorities that influence the curriculum, organization and setting in a school

22
Q

Trends in Math and Science Study

A

An international assessment of the math and science skills of 4th and 8th graders

23
Q

Progress in International Reading Literacy Study

A

A planned 5 year cycle of international trend studies in the reading ability

24
Q

No Child Left Behind Act

A

Requiring states to qualify for federal educational funding by administering standardized tests to measure school achievement

25
Q

National Assessment of Educational Progress

A

“the Nation’s Report Card”

26
Q

Charter Schools

A

Public schools with their own set of standards funded and licensed by the state or local district in which they are located

27
Q

Private schools

A

Schools funded by parents and sponsoring institutions

28
Q

Vouchers

A

A monetary commitment by the government to pay for the education of a child

29
Q

Home schooling

A

Education in which children are taught at home

30
Q

Development psychopathology

A

The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders

31
Q

Aptitude

A

The potential to master a specific skill or to learn a certain body of knowledge

32
Q

Achievement test

A

A measure of mastery or proficiency in any of the subjects

33
Q

Flynn effect

A

The rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the decades in many nations

34
Q

Multiple intelligences

A

The idea that human intelligence is comprised of a varied set of abilities rather than a single, all-encompassing one

35
Q

Multifinality

A

One cause can have multiple final manifestations

36
Q

Equifinality

A

One symptom can have many causes

37
Q

ADHD

A

Difficulty concentrating

38
Q

Specific learning disorder

A

A marked deficit in a particular area of learning that is not caused by an apparent physical disability

39
Q

Dyslexia

A

Difficulty with reading

40
Q

Dyscalculia

A

Unusual difficulty with math

41
Q

Autism spectrum disorder

A

Any of several conditions characterized by inadequate social skills, impaired communication and unusual play

42
Q

Neurodiversity

A

The idea that people with special needs have diverse brain structures

43
Q

Response to intervention

A

An educational strategy that uses early intervention to help children who demonstrate below-average achievement

44
Q

Individual education plan

A

A document that specifies educational goals and plans for a child with special needs

Life-span Psych (14 decks)

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