Ch. 14 Flashcards
ageism
a prejudice whereby people are categorized and judged by their chronological age
elderspeak
a condescending way of speaking to older adults that resembles baby talk
universal design
the creation of settings and equipment that can be used by everyone
demographic shift
a shift in the proportions of the populations of various ages
wear and tear
a view of aging as a process by which the human body wears out because of the passage of time and exposure to environmental stressors
calorie restriction
the practice of limiting dietary energy intake in hopes of slowing down the aging process
max life span
the oldest possible age that members of a species can live under ideal circumstances
average life expectancy
the number of years the average person in a particular population group is likely to live
genetic clock
a mechanism in the DNA of cells that regulates the aging process by triggering hormonal changes and cellular death and despair
cellular aging
the ways in which molecules and cells are affected by age
Hayflick limit
the number of times a human cell is capable of dividing
telomeres
the area of the tips of each chromosome that is reduced a tiny amount as time passes
primary aging
the universal and irreversible physical changes that occur in all living creatures as they grow older
secondary aging
the specific physical illnesses or conditions that become more common with aging that vary from person to person
compression of morbidity
a shortening of the time a person spends ill or infirm before dying
osteoporosis
fragile bones that result from primary aging
control processes
the part of the information-processing system that regulates the analysis and flow of information
ecological validity
the idea that cognition should be measured in natural settings and schedules
neurocognitive disorder
any number of brain diseases that affects a person’s ability to interact with other people
major neurocognitive disorder
irreversible loss of intellectual functioning caused by organic brain damage or disease
Alzheimer’s
gradual deterioration of memory and personality
plaques
clumps of a protein called beta-amyloid, found in brain tissues surrounding the neurons
tangles
twisted masses of thread made of tau within the neurons of the brain
vascular disease
progressive loss of intellectual functioning caused by repeated strokes or temp. obstructions of blood vessels
frontotemporal NCDs
brain disorders that occur with serious impairment of the frontal lobes
Parkinsons’s
characterized by muscle tremor and rigidity
Lewy body disease
characterized by an increase in particular abnormal cells in the brain
polypharmacy
when people take many medications
self-actualization
final stage in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
life review
an examination of one’s own role in the history of human life
