ch. 7

Question 1

types of training

Answer 1

1. New employee orientation
2. Employee retraining & continuing education
3. Retirement planning
4. Career development
5. Training workers for international business
6. Training in diversity issues, harassment & ethical behavior

Question 2

transfer of training

Answer 2

concept if the training is actually applied in the work setting

Question 3

needs analysis

Answer 3

organization must have some idea of what workers need to know to perform their jobs

Question 4

task analysis

Answer 4

• concerned with KSAOs that a worker requires to perform a specific job effectively
  • Starting with job description
  • Translating the specific task requirements of the job into the basic components of knowledge & skill incorporated into a training program

Question 5

demographic analysis

Answer 5

determining the specific training needs of various demographic groups
- ex: (women & men, certain ethnic minorities, & workers of different age brackets)

Question 6

stimulation training

Answer 6

instructs employee to proper work operations without actually putting them in the job setting (ex: jet pilots, astronauts, etc)
• Allows worker hours of practice under conditions that are similar
• Often very expensive

Question 7

computer-assisted instruction (CAI)

Answer 7

• Immediate testing (computer can calculate results right away)
• Individualized instruction
• PROBLEM → some employees may not have the self-motivation to learn & may do better in formal “live” training programs

Question 8

evaluation of training

Answer 8

important whether any measured changes in criteria are indeed the result of training

Question 9

behavioral criteria

Answer 9

1. measures amt. Of newly learned skills once trainee has returned to the job
   − Observable methods, usually when supervisors record the use of newly learned behaviors

Question 10

results criteria

Answer 10

1. measures outcome important to org. (increased trainee work output as expressed by production rates, dollar sales, or quality of work
   − Cost benefit analysis can be performed by comparing the costs of program to $ value of the results
   − Usually most important evaluation of program’s effectiveness

Question 11

management/leadership training methods

Answer 11

1. Problem-solving case study – management training technique that presents a real or hypothetical organization problem that trainees attempt to solve
2. Role-playing – exercise that requires trainees to act out problem situations that often occur at work
3. Management games – using scaled down enactments of the operations and managements of organization
4. Conference – unstructured management training technique in which participants share ideas, info, & problems (aka a group discussion)
5. Action learning – teams assembled to work on a company related problem or issue to learn by doing
6. Mentoring – training program in which an inexperienced worker develops a relationship with an experienced worker who serves as an advisor
7. Coaching – 1 on 1 relationship where a consultant helps an executive improve performance

Question 12

on-site methods of job training

Answer 12

Consist putting an inexperienced worker with a experienced worker to teach. Involves hands on training

Question 13

Advantages/Disadvantages of on-the-job training

Answer 13

Advantages:

• oldest & most used
• Requires little prep & low cost

Disadvantages:

• Org. neglects to consider the abilites & motivation of the experienced workers who serve as trainers
• If trainers don’t see a personal benefit = not motivated to do a good job
• Trainer doesn’t know the procedure or doesn’t follow proper work procedures