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2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) > Ch 7 > Flashcards

Ch 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Q: Why are supporting materials necessary in a speech?

A

A: They clarify and prove ideas, making abstract concepts more concrete for the audience.

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2
Q

Q: How do supporting materials help with clarity?

A

A: They provide specific examples, descriptions, or facts that make the speaker’s ideas easier to understand.

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3
Q

Q: What are the two primary roles of supporting materials in a speech?

A

A: Clarifying ideas and proving arguments.

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4
Q

Q: How do supporting materials relate to audience engagement?

A

A: They provide the details and specifics that audiences crave, keeping their attention.

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5
Q

Q: How do supporting materials strengthen a speaker’s argument?

A

A: By offering evidence and details that back up the speaker’s claims.

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6
Q

Q: What is the danger of vague ideas in a speech?

A

A: Audiences may lose interest or fail to understand the speaker’s points without sufficient detail.

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7
Q

Q: How does repetition play a role in using supporting materials?

A

A: It helps reinforce key points and makes ideas easier for the audience to remember.

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8
Q

Q: Why is audience analysis important when selecting supporting materials?

A

A: What might clarify an idea for one audience could be confusing or irrelevant to another.

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9
Q

Q: What should a speaker do if their speech is too long?

A

A: They can omit less essential supporting materials while ensuring their main points remain well-supported.

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10
Q

Q: How do supporting materials relate to main points in a speech?

A

A: Main points provide the general idea, while supporting materials give the specifics.

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11
Q

Q: Can supporting materials serve multiple functions in a speech?

A

A: Yes, some supporting materials both clarify and prove ideas simultaneously.

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12
Q

Q: How do examples function as supporting materials?

A

A: They give the audience a concrete, relatable instance that illustrates the speaker’s point.

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13
Q

Q: What is the “bridge” analogy in relation to supporting materials?

A

A: Supporting materials are like pillars that support a bridge, keeping the speaker’s arguments strong and credible.

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14
Q

Q: How do time constraints affect the use of supporting materials?

A

A: They may limit how many materials a speaker can include, requiring careful selection of the most effective ones.

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15
Q

Q: Why do students often struggle with supporting materials?

A

A: They may not include enough detail or evidence to fully clarify or support their main points.

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16
Q

Q: How can a speaker ensure their supporting materials are relevant?

A

A: By understanding the audience’s knowledge, interests, and experience.

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17
Q

Q: What is the difference between a “main idea” and a “supporting idea”?

A

A: The main idea is the general point, while the supporting idea provides specifics to back it up.

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18
Q

Q: Why is it important to test supporting materials during practice?

A

A: It helps the speaker determine if the materials are clear and engaging in an oral format.

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19
Q

Q: How can supporting materials improve audience comprehension?

A

A: By providing concrete details that help the audience follow and understand abstract concepts.

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20
Q

Q: How do supporting materials contribute to a speaker’s credibility?

A

A: They demonstrate thorough research and provide evidence for the speaker’s claims.

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21
Q

Q: What are the seven types of supporting materials?

A

A: Examples, narratives, definitions, descriptions, historical/scientific facts, statistics, and testimony.

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22
Q

Q: How do examples function in a speech?

A

A: They clarify concepts by providing short, concrete instances that are relatable to the audience.

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23
Q

Q: What is the role of narratives in supporting a speech?

A

A: Narratives clarify, dramatize, and emphasize ideas, adding emotional power to the speech.

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24
Q

Q: What are the four types of narratives?

A

A: Personal, literary, historical, and hypothetical.

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25
Q

Q: How can definitions be used as supporting material?

A

A: They set limits on how the audience should think about a term, clarifying complex or unfamiliar concepts.

26
Q

Q: What is an operational definition?

A

A: A definition that provides real-life examples to show how an idea or concept works.

27
Q

Q: How do descriptions help support a speech?

A

A: By using sensory details, descriptions allow the audience to visualize and better understand the speaker’s point.

28
Q

Q: When should a speaker use historical facts as supporting material?

A

A: When they need to prove or clarify a point by referencing well-established events or discoveries.

29
Q

Q: What is the difference between a historical fact and a historical narrative?

A

A: A historical fact is a simple piece of information, while a historical narrative is a detailed story with emotional or persuasive power.

30
Q

Q: How do statistics support a speech?

A

A: Statistics provide numerical data that can prove a point, especially in comparison or analysis.

31
Q

Q: What should a speaker be cautious about when using statistics?

A

A: They should ensure their statistics are accurate, relevant, and from credible sources.

32
Q

Q: What is expert testimony?

A

A: Quotes or statements from a recognized authority in the field being discussed.

33
Q

Q: How does peer testimony differ from expert testimony?

A

A: Peer testimony provides personal experiences or opinions, offering a relatable perspective rather than expert knowledge.

34
Q

Q: Why is it important to cite sources when using supporting materials?

A

A: To maintain credibility and avoid plagiarism by giving proper credit to the original source.

35
Q

Q: How can familiarity be used as a supporting material strategy?

A

A: By referencing familiar examples or experiences, speakers can make new concepts easier to understand.

36
Q

Q: What is the strength of using narratives in speeches?

A

A: They engage the audience emotionally and make ideas memorable.

37
Q

Q: How can supporting materials be used to persuade?

A

A: By offering strong evidence, such as expert testimony or statistics, to back up the speaker’s claims.

38
Q

Q: Why should a speaker avoid overloading their speech with statistics?

A

A: Too many statistics can overwhelm the audience; balance is key to keeping their attention.

39
Q

Q: How can speakers ensure their definitions are effective?

A

A: By choosing definitions that clarify unfamiliar terms or concepts specific to the speech.

40
Q

Q: Why are examples considered one of the easiest types of supporting materials to use?

A

A: They are short, concrete, and usually easy for the audience to understand quickly.

41
Q

Q: What is attention in the context of public speaking?

A

A: Attention is focused perception, where the audience concentrates on one stimulus while ignoring others.

42
Q

Q: How is attention different from perception?

A

A: Perception is how we organize and interpret stimuli, while attention is the act of focusing on one stimulus over others.

43
Q

Q: What are the five main reasons people pay attention?

A

A: Choice, expectations, need states, past training/experiences, and attention factors.

44
Q

Q: What is the first attention factor, and how is it used in a speech?

A

A: Movement, which can be incorporated through stories, transitions, or physical gestures.

45
Q

Q: How does conflict function as an attention factor?

A

A: Conflict creates tension or interest by showing opposing ideas, groups, or teams.

46
Q

Q: Why is novelty an effective attention factor?

A

A: Audiences are more likely to pay attention to ideas or evidence that are fresh and new to them.

47
Q

Q: How can humor be used as an attention factor?

A

A: Humor helps maintain the audience’s attention, but it must be appropriate and well-practiced.

48
Q

Q: What is the role of familiarity in supporting materials?

A

A: Familiar examples or references can make complex ideas more relatable and easier to understand.

49
Q

Q: How does contrast help maintain attention?

A

A: Contrast, whether in visuals or vocal delivery, emphasizes key points and prevents monotony.

50
Q

Q: What is the benefit of repetition in a speech?

A

A: Repetition reinforces key points, helping the audience remember and follow the structure of the speech.

51
Q

Q: How can suspense be used as an attention factor?

A

A: Suspense creates curiosity and keeps the audience engaged by delaying the resolution of a story or question.

52
Q

Q: What is proximity in public speaking?

A

A: Proximity refers to physical closeness between the speaker and the audience, which can impact engagement.

53
Q

Q: Why are need-oriented subjects effective for gaining attention?

A

A: People are more likely to pay attention to topics that directly relate to their personal needs.

54
Q

Q: How does intensity help sustain audience attention?

A

A: Varying vocal intensity, such as raising or lowering your voice at key moments, helps emphasize important points.

55
Q

Q: What is the importance of concreteness in supporting materials?

A

A: Concrete examples and real-life experiences make abstract ideas easier for the audience to grasp.

56
Q

Q: How can supporting materials contribute to keeping the audience’s attention?

A

A: By incorporating attention factors like novelty, humor, and repetition into the speech.

57
Q

Q: What role does the speaker’s past experience play in audience attention?

A

A: Speakers who share relevant personal experiences can connect with the audience and hold their attention more effectively.

58
Q

Q: How can a speaker manage audience expectations for attention?

A

A: By clearly stating the purpose or key elements of the speech early on, aligning the audience’s focus.

59
Q

Q: How does multitasking affect attention during a speech?

A

A: It divides focus and decreases the audience’s ability to fully process and retain information.

60
Q

Q: Why should a speaker avoid relying on one attention factor alone?

A

A: Effective speeches use a variety of attention factors to maintain interest and engagement throughout the presentation.

61
Q
A

2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) (7 decks)

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