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2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) > Ch 1 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define public speaking.

A

Public speaking is the process of designing and delivering a message to an audience to inform, persuade, or entertain.

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2
Q

What are some examples of public speaking contexts?

A

Examples include political speeches, boardroom presentations, religious sermons, classroom lectures, and stand-up comedy.

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3
Q

How does public speaking differ from casual conversation?

A

Public speaking is more structured, formal, and intentional, with the goal of informing, persuading, or entertaining an audience.

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4
Q

What role does the audience play in public speaking?

A

The audience is an essential part of public speaking; the speaker tailors the message to meet the needs and expectations of the audience.

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5
Q

What is an “enlarged conversation” in public speaking?

A

Public speaking is referred to as an “enlarged conversation” because it involves the same elements as conversation, such as awareness of the audience, but in a more formal, purposeful setting.

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6
Q

How is trust built in public speaking?

A

Trust is built through clear communication, appropriate evidence, and the speaker’s ability to connect with the audience on a personal level.

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7
Q

What is the difference between content and relationship in communication?

A

Content refers to the information shared, while the relationship dimension refers to how the speaker and audience interact and relate to each other.

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8
Q

What are some similarities between conversation and public speaking?

A

Both involve awareness of the audience, an exchange of ideas, and reliance on feedback to gauge understanding.

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9
Q

Why is preparation essential in public speaking?

A

Preparation helps ensure that the speaker delivers a clear, concise, and well-organized message within the time limits.

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10
Q

What is the primary purpose of public speaking?

A

The primary purpose is to inform, persuade, or entertain an audience.

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11
Q

What role does the speaker’s physical delivery play in public speaking?

A

Physical delivery, such as gestures, eye contact, and movement, enhances the audience’s engagement and helps convey the message.

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12
Q

How does public speaking help in building professional relationships?

A

Public speaking allows professionals to share ideas, influence others, and build credibility within their field.

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13
Q

What is the importance of nonverbal communication in public speaking?

A

Nonverbal communication, such as facial expressions and body language, reinforces the speaker’s message and helps maintain audience engagement.

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14
Q

What is the role of feedback in public speaking?

A

Feedback allows the speaker to assess whether the audience understands the message and to make adjustments if necessary.

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15
Q

How does public speaking differ from written communication?

A

Public speaking involves real-time interaction and feedback, while written communication is static and does not offer immediate audience responses.

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15
Q

What is the importance of timing in public speaking?

A

Timing ensures that the speech stays within the allotted time frame and that the speaker respects the audience’s time.

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16
Q

How can public speaking skills be used in daily life?

A

Public speaking skills help in everyday situations like presenting ideas, leading meetings, and communicating effectively in social settings.

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17
Q

What is the role of research in preparing a public speech?

A

Research provides the speaker with credible information and evidence to support their message and persuade the audience.

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18
Q

How does public speaking influence change in society?

A

Public speaking has the power to inspire change by influencing public opinion, shaping policies, and encouraging action.

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19
Q

Q: What is glossophobia?

A

Glossophobia is the fear of public speaking, often associated with symptoms like sweating, shaking, and dry mouth.

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20
Q

Why is audience analysis important in public speaking?

A

Audience analysis helps the speaker tailor their message to meet the needs, interests, and expectations of the audience.

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21
Q

What are common sources of anxiety in public speaking?

A

Common sources include fear of judgment, fear of failure, past negative experiences, and lack of preparation.

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22
Q

How can “all or nothing” thinking contribute to public speaking anxiety?

A

“All or nothing” thinking leads individuals to believe that anything less than perfection is a failure, increasing anxiety.

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23
Q

How does “fortune telling” contribute to public speaking anxiety?

A

“Fortune telling” involves predicting negative outcomes regardless of preparation, leading to unnecessary worry.

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23
Q

What is overgeneralization in the context of public speaking anxiety?

A

Overgeneralization occurs when a person believes that one bad experience in public speaking means they will always fail.

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24
Q

What role does preparation play in reducing public speaking anxiety?

A

Proper preparation helps build confidence and reduces uncertainty, which can decrease anxiety.

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25
Q

How can physical preparation help alleviate anxiety in public speaking?

A

Physical preparation, such as getting enough rest and practicing relaxation techniques, helps manage the body’s stress response.

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26
Q

What mental strategies can help reduce public speaking anxiety?

A

Mental strategies include focusing on the message and audience rather than personal fears, and practicing mindfulness.

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27
Q

How can understanding the audience help reduce public speaking anxiety?

A

Knowing that the audience is supportive and interested in the message can help the speaker feel more at ease.

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28
Q

What is the “flight or fight” response in public speaking?

A

The “flight or fight” response is the body’s reaction to stress, causing physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat and sweating.

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29
Q

How does practicing the speech help reduce anxiety?

A

Practicing the speech helps the speaker become more familiar with the material, reducing uncertainty and nervousness.

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30
Q

How does self-efficacy impact public speaking anxiety?

A

High self-efficacy, or belief in one’s ability to succeed, can reduce anxiety by increasing confidence.

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31
Q

What role does audience feedback play in managing anxiety?

A

Positive feedback from the audience, such as nodding or smiling, can help the speaker feel more confident during the speech.

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32
Q

How can relaxation techniques, like deep breathing, help with anxiety?

A

Deep breathing helps calm the body’s stress response, reducing physical symptoms of anxiety.

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33
Q

What is the benefit of using visualization to reduce anxiety?

A

Visualization involves imagining a successful speech, which can help reduce fear and build confidence.

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34
Q

How can reframing negative thoughts help manage anxiety?

A

Reframing negative thoughts into positive ones can help reduce self-doubt and encourage a more optimistic mindset.

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35
Q

Why is it important to manage physical symptoms of anxiety during a speech?

A

Managing physical symptoms, like shaking hands or a dry mouth, helps the speaker appear more confident and composed.

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36
Q

How does cognitive restructuring help with public speaking anxiety?

A

Cognitive restructuring involves changing negative thought patterns and replacing them with more realistic, positive thoughts.

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37
Q

How can public speaking experience help reduce anxiety over time?

A

With more public speaking experiences, individuals become more comfortable and confident, reducing anxiety.

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38
Q

What is the benefit of focusing on the message rather than the speaker’s fears?

A

Focusing on the message helps shift attention away from self-consciousness and toward delivering value to the audience.

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39
Q

What are the seven elements of the communication process?

A

The seven elements are people, context, message, channel, noise, feedback, and outcome.

40
Q

What is the role of “people” in the communication process?

A

People are the senders and receivers of the message, with both parties contributing to the communication process.

41
Q

How does “context” affect communication?

A

Context includes the historical, cultural, social, and physical circumstances in which communication takes place, influencing how the message is interpreted.

42
Q

What is the “message” in public speaking?

A

The message is the content or information the speaker intends to convey to the audience.

43
Q

What is the “channel” in communication?`

A

The channel is the medium through which the message is delivered, such as face-to-face, phone, or written text.

44
Q

How does “outcome” relate to communication?

A

Outcome refers to the result of communication, such as a change in the audience’s knowledge, attitudes, or behavior.

44
Q

Define “noise” in the communication process.

A

Noise is anything that interferes with or distorts the message, including physical, psychological, or contextual distractions.

45
Q

What role does “feedback” play in communication?

A

Feedback allows the speaker to gauge the audience’s reaction and understanding, helping them adjust the message if necessary.

46
Q

How is public speaking a symbolic process?

A

Public speaking uses symbols like words and gestures to represent and convey ideas and concepts to the audience.

47
Q

What is the transactional model of communication?

A

The transactional model emphasizes the continuous exchange and co-creation of meaning between the sender and receiver.

48
Q

What does it mean to “encode” in the communication process?

A

Encoding is the process of turning thoughts or ideas into symbols (like words) that convey meaning to the receiver.

49
Q

What does it mean to “decode” in communication?

A

Decoding is the process by which the receiver interprets and makes sense of the encoded message.

50
Q

How does the physical context influence communication?

A

Physical context refers to the environment where communication takes place, such as the room layout or ambient noise, affecting how the message is received.

50
Q

What is the importance of nonverbal feedback in public speaking?

A

Nonverbal feedback, like facial expressions or posture, helps the speaker understand how well the audience is receiving the message.`

51
Q

How does cultural context affect communication?

A

Cultural context involves the values, beliefs, and norms shared by the audience and the speaker, influencing how messages are interpreted.

52
Q

Why is the relationship between speaker and audience important?

A

The relationship determines trust, respect, and credibility, which affect how the audience receives and responds to the message.

53
Q

How does communication create meaning?

A

Communication creates meaning through shared symbols and understanding between the speaker and audience.

54
Q

What are the historical influences on public speaking?

A

Public speaking has roots in ancient civilizations, with key figures like Aristotle and Cicero contributing to rhetorical theory.

55
Q

What is the role of memory in the process of public speaking?

A

Memory involves recalling and organizing information to deliver a speech smoothly and confidently.

56
Q

How does the speaker’s body language influence communication?

A

The speaker’s body language, such as gestures and facial expressions, enhances or detracts from the message by adding emotional emphasis.

57
Q

Why is public speaking considered a valuable skill for professionals?

A

Public speaking is valuable because it enables professionals to communicate ideas clearly, lead teams, and influence decision-making.

58
Q

What percentage of graduating seniors felt that public speaking skills were useful in other courses?

A

72% of surveyed seniors agreed that they used what they learned in public speaking in other courses.

59
Q

How can public speaking skills benefit a person personally?

A

Public speaking helps individuals become better listeners, express ideas confidently, and overcome fears in a controlled environment.

60
Q

How can public speaking skills help in a classroom setting?

A

Public speaking skills assist in delivering presentations, leading discussions, and effectively conveying research and arguments.

60
Q

Why is public speaking important in shaping societal change?

A

Public speaking can influence laws, policies, and leadership by persuading audiences and inspiring action.

61
Q

How can public speaking influence career advancement?

A

Public speaking skills demonstrate leadership, clear communication, and confidence, which are highly valued by employers and essential for career growth.

62
Q

What is the role of public speaking in team leadership?

A

Public speaking allows leaders to effectively communicate goals, motivate team members, and drive collaboration.

63
Q

How does public speaking improve research skills?

A

Public speaking requires gathering credible information to support arguments, improving research and critical thinking abilities.

63
Q

Why might an entry-level professional still benefit from public speaking skills?

A

Even if not used frequently in the role, public speaking helps in meetings, training sessions, and advocating for ideas.

64
Q

How does public speaking encourage critical thinking?

A

Public speaking requires evaluating information, structuring arguments, and anticipating audience questions, fostering critical thinking skills.

64
Q

What personal benefits can public speaking provide?

A

Public speaking helps build self-confidence, develop leadership qualities, and improve interpersonal communication.

65
Q

How does public speaking improve listening skills?

A

By focusing on audience reactions and feedback, public speakers become more attentive and responsive listeners.

66
Q

Why is public speaking a required course in many college majors?

A

Public speaking is required because it teaches essential communication skills that are applicable in both personal and professional contexts.

67
Q

How can public speaking help in overcoming personal fears?

A

By practicing public speaking in a controlled environment, individuals can confront and manage their fears of judgment or failure.

68
Q

What role does public speaking play in leadership development?

A

Public speaking helps leaders articulate their vision, inspire others, and effectively guide teams toward achieving goals.

69
Q

Why is communication one of the top skills employers seek?

A

Employers value communication because it is key to team collaboration, conflict resolution, and the ability to convey complex ideas clearly.

70
Q

How can public speaking help in resolving conflicts?

A

Effective public speaking allows individuals to address conflicts openly, present solutions, and facilitate constructive dialogue.

71
Q

How does public speaking contribute to personal growth?

A

Public speaking challenges individuals to articulate their thoughts, present their ideas confidently, and engage with diverse audiences.

72
Q

How does public speaking contribute to professional networking?

A

Public speaking helps individuals present themselves confidently, build rapport, and establish connections in professional settings.

73
Q

What is the importance of public speaking in civic engagement?

A

Public speaking empowers individuals to advocate for social causes, participate in public debates, and engage in community leadership.

73
Q

Why is timing important in public speaking?

A

Timing ensures the speaker stays within the time limit, demonstrating preparation and respect for the audience’s time.

74
Q

What is the role of muscle memory in public speaking?

A

Muscle memory helps speakers develop physical ease in delivery, allowing them to focus on the content and audience engagement.

75
Q

Why is public speaking considered a physical activity?

A

Public speaking involves physical elements like gestures, movement, eye contact, and voice control, requiring practice to master.

76
Q

What are the two dimensions of communication?

A

The two dimensions are content (the message) and relationship (how the speaker connects with the audience).

77
Q

How does storytelling enhance public speaking?

A

Stories are memorable and engaging, helping the audience connect emotionally with the speaker’s message.

77
Q

Why is organization important in public speaking?

A

Organization helps the speaker present ideas clearly, maintain the audience’s attention, and stay on track with the message.

78
Q

What does “less is more” mean in public speaking?

A

“Less is more” means that simplifying the message makes it easier for the audience to understand and remember key points.

79
Q

How does self-awareness improve public speaking?

A

Knowing one’s strengths and weaknesses allows speakers to focus on their best skills and work on areas needing improvement.

79
Q

What is the importance of practicing public speaking?

A

Practice helps the speaker develop confidence, improve delivery, and ensure they stay within the time limit.

79
Q

How can public speakers manage their energy during a speech?

A

Speakers should pace themselves, use gestures effectively,

80
Q

Why is it important to adapt your delivery style to the audience?

A

Adapting your delivery ensures that the message resonates with the audience’s expectations, cultural background, and level of understanding.

80
Q

How can public speakers manage their energy during a speech?

A

Speakers should pace themselves, use gestures effectively, and project their voice to maintain audience engagement without exhausting themselves.

81
Q

What is the role of humor in public speaking?

A

Humor can engage the audience and make the message more relatable, but it must be used appropriately to avoid alienating or offending the audience.

82
Q

How can public speaking improve your critical thinking skills?

A

Preparing a speech requires evaluating information, organizing thoughts, and anticipating audience reactions, which fosters critical thinking.

83
Q

Why should a speaker focus on their relationship with the audience?

A

Building a strong relationship with the audience fosters trust, engagement, and receptivity to the speaker’s message.

84
Q

What is the value of using visual aids in public speaking?

A

Visual aids enhance understanding by illustrating key points and making the content more memorable.

84
Q

How can a speaker’s posture affect their credibility?

A

Good posture exudes confidence and authority, helping the speaker appear more credible and trustworthy to the audience.

85
Q

Why is flexibility important during a speech?

A

Flexibility allows the speaker to adapt to unexpected situations, such as audience questions or technical issues, without losing focus.

86
Q

How can you improve your vocal delivery in public speaking?

A

Varying pitch, tone, and volume can add emphasis to key points and maintain audience interest throughout the speech.

87
Q

What should a speaker do after a public speaking experience?

A

After the speech, reflecting on what went well and identifying areas for improvement helps the speaker grow and improve for future presentations.

2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) (7 decks)

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