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Philosophy > Ch 7 > Flashcards

Ch 7 Flashcards

1
Q

An interpretation of utilitarianism which asks whether in the way particular situation if a given course of action will produce the greatest good for the greatest number

A

Act utilitarianism

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2
Q

The thesis that one ought to act for the sake of the interests of others

A

Altruism

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3
Q

Intellectual independence and freedom from authority. Moral ///// is the ability of every rational person to reach his or her own moral conclusion about what is right and wrong (this does not mean that they will therefore come to different conclusions)

A

Autonomy

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4
Q

In Jane’s philosophy, a moral law, a command that is u qualified and not dependent on any conditions or qualifications. In particular that rule that tells us to act in such a way that we would want everyone else to act

A

Categorical imperative

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5
Q

To form a binding obligation voluntarily

A

Comittiment

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6
Q

A sense of feeling about what is right and wrong usually without argument

A

Conscience

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7
Q

An ethical theory that the morality of an action depends on its consequences

A

Consequentialism

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8
Q

According to Aristotle the happiest life the life of thought and philosophy

A

Contemplation

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9
Q

The descriptive anthropological thesis that different socitites have different moralities. It is important to stress that these moralities must be fundamentally different not only different in details

A

Cultural relativism

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10
Q

Ethics based on duty (Greek dein) Kent’s ethic is \\ in that it stresses obedience to principle of ether than attention to consequences

A

Deontology

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11
Q

What one is morally bound to do

A

Duty

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12
Q

The thesis that people act for their own interests

A

Egoism

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13
Q

The thesis that there is only and only one correct morality

A

Ethical absolutism

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14
Q

The thesis that people ought to act in their own interests

A

Ethical egoism

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15
Q

The thesis that different moralities should be considered equally correct even if they directly contradict each other

A

Ethical relativism

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16
Q

A system of general moral principles and a conception of morality and its foundation or the study of moral principles

A

Ethics

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17
Q

Aristotles word for happiness or more literally “living well”

A

Eudaimonia

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18
Q

The modern movement in philosophy that puts great emphasis on individual choice and the voluntary acceptance of all values.

A

Existentialism

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19
Q

Do unto others as you would have them do until you

A

Golden rule

20
Q

The achievement of the good life

A

Happiness

21
Q

Benthams technique for quantifying and adding up pleasures and pains as a way of deciding what to do

A

Happiness calculus or felicity caluclus

22
Q

The conception of the good life that takes pleasure to be the ultimate good

A

Hedonism

23
Q

In kant, a command that is conditional depending on particular aims or inclinations

A

Hypothetical imperative

24
Q

A person who rejects the ultimate claims of morality

A

Immoralists

25
Q

A command

A

Imperative

26
Q

Kanye term for all personal considerations: desires feelings emotions attitudes moods and so forth

A

Inclination

27
Q

An objective rule that is binding on individuals whether they personally accept it or not. Contrasted to maxim

A

Law

28
Q

In nietzsche a morality that takes personal self realization as primary so called because it was the morality of the masters in the slave states of the ancient world

A

Master morality

29
Q

I’m Kant a personal rule or intention contrasted to law

A

Maxim

30
Q

In Aristotle, the middle course, not too much, not too little.

A

Mean (between the extremes)

31
Q

In general the rules for right action and prohibition against wrong acts

A

Morality

32
Q

The view that morality inheres in nature

A

Natural law

33
Q

Bound by duty.

A

Obligation

34
Q

The term most often used to express moral duty or obligation

A

Ought

35
Q

In Bentham, the principle that one ought not bro what gives the greatest pleasure to the greatest number of people

A

Principle of utiklity

36
Q

The thesis that people always act in their own self interest even when it seems as if they are acting for others benefit

A

Psychological egoism

37
Q

Acting in the best possible way. According to reason

A

Rationality

38
Q

The thesis that there is no single correct view of reality. No single truth

A

Relativism

39
Q

A variation of utilitarianism of which contends that the principle of utility should be used as the basis for developing rules that when consistently followed will result in the greatest good for the greatest number

A

Rule utilitarianism

40
Q

Acting in one’s own interest to the exclusion of others interests

A

Selfishness

41
Q

Feeling emotion particularly feelings (as in Hume and Rousseau

A

Sentiment

42
Q

In nietchzes moral
Philosophy morality that ties duties and obligations as primary, so called because it was the morality of the \\ who were not allowed to aspire any higher than mere efficiencies and personal comforts

A

Slave morality

43
Q

Fellow feeling; felt concern for other people’s welfare

A

Sympathy

44
Q

The moral philosophy that says that we should act in such ways as to make the greatest number of people as happy as possible

A

Utilitarianism

45
Q

Moral excellence

A

Virtue

46
Q

The power of mind that allows us to choose our own actions or at least what we shall try to do

A

Will

47
Q

In nietzsches philosophy the thesis that every act is ultimately aimed at superiority, sometimes over other people

A

Will to power

Philosophy (10 decks)

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