ch 7-10 Flashcards
what are the health related fitness components?
- aerobic capacity
- anaerobic capacity
- body composition
- muscular strength
- muscular endurance
- flexibility
what are the skill related fitness components?
- balance
- reaction time
- coordination
- agility
- speed
- muscular power
what is aerobic capacity and what the factors affecting it?
it is the ability of the heart, blood vessels and respiratory system to supply o2 to the muscles and for the muscles to use this o2 for sustained activity.
it is affected by - an efficient and strong heart
- lung adaptions
- muscle
- blood vessels
what is anaerobic capacity and what the factors affecting it?
this is how quickly work is done by anaerobic energy systems.
it is affected by the amount of fuel stores and the ability of the individual to tolerate lactic acid.
what is muscular strength and what are the factors affecting it?
muscular strength is the maximal force that can be generated by a muscle group in one effort
eg max bench press
this is affected by - age
- gender
- muscle cross sectional area
- fibre type
name an explain the two types of muscle contractions
isotomic
concentric- muscle produces tension while shortening
eccentric- muscle produces tension while lengthening
isometric- muscle length remains constant as force is developed.
what is muscular endurance and what are the factors affecting it?
this is the ability of the muscle to perform repeated contractions for extended periods.
this is affected by
- fibre type
- age
- gender
what is flexibility and what are the factors affecting it?
this is the capacity of a joint to work through a full range of motion.
this is affected by
- type of joint (socket vs hinge)
- temperature (the warmer the muscle the more it stretches)
- age (younger people are more flexible)
- gender (females are more flexible)
what is the difference between health and skill related components?
skill related components refer to improved performance rather than fitness.
what is coordination?
the ability to use the bodies senses to execute motor skills smoothly and accurately.
what is balance?
maintaining equilibrium in the body while stationary or moving
what is reaction time?
the from presentation of stimulus to the onset of a response.
describe agility
agility is the ability to change direction quickly, coupled with the ability to react to stimulus and respond quickly.
what is speed and what are the factors affecting it?
How fast your body parts(eg boxing) or your whole body can move from one point to another.
it is affected by
- fibre type
- rate of force production
- elasticity of muscles
- ATP production
what is muscular power and what are the factors affecting it?
-the ability of muscles to exert force rapidly
it is affected by
- fibre type
- balance
- speed of movement (if done too fast it affects force production)
why do we do game analysis?
we do this to gather information about an activity to improve performance.
what information is usually collected in game analysis?
- HR
- fitness components
- muscle groups
- movement patterns
- work, rest ratios
- statistics
- distance covered
How do we collect information in games analysis?
through: - observation
- GPS
- HR monitors
- Video
what are the fitness assessment protocols associated with fitness testing?
- validity
- reliability
- accuracy
- informed consent
explain what validity is in terms of fitness assessment
this is the degree to which a test measures what it intends to measure.
explain what reliability is in terms of fitness assessment
this is the ability of a test to produce consistent and repeatable results
ie you should be able to get the same results in the conditions, state etc.
explain what accuracy is in terms of fitness assessment
this ensures that that the quality of measuring tools is adequate which can produce consistent data as well as the athletes/subjects meeting the respectable guidelines of the test
explain what informed consent is in terms of fitness assessment
this is agreement by the performer (or guardian if under 18) to continue with testing after being made aware of the risks involved with the test.
what are the two types of fitness assessment
- lab and field testing
- maximal and sub-maximal testing
what are the advantages and disadvantages of lab testing
- ‘gold’ standard test with the best equipment and conditions to suit the tests needs and can achieve the most accurate results
- unfortunately it is very expensive with the cost of equipment, facilities and maintenance and it is usually performed by sport scientists. This is why these type of tests are performed by elite athletes.
what are the advantages and disadvantages of field testing
- several people can be tested at once and is usually cheap eg beep test
this is the tests mostly used in schools and local sporting clubs - scored may be inaccurate and particularly in a large group it is subject to cheating
what is a maximal test and provide an example
these are tests that are performed close as possible to exhaustion
eg vo2 max test
what is a submaximal test and provide an example
these are test that are not performed to exhaustion
eg Illinois agility test
what is a test for aerobic capacity
vo2 max test
what is a test for anaerobic capacity
phosphate recovery test
what is a test for muscular strength
max bench press
what is a test for LME
timed push ups
what is a test for flexibility
sit and reach
what is a test for muscular power
vertical jump
what is a test for speed
50m sprint
what is a test for agility
Illinois agility test
What is direct testing?
directly measures the function of a fitness component
eg vo2 max measures specifically aerobic capacity
what is indirect testing?
These are based on predictive measures and equations linked to norms for estimating fitness levels
eg beep test is an estimation of the individuals aerobic capacity.
