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PH2206 Mod 7 > CH 6: Vitamins + Mins > Flashcards

CH 6: Vitamins + Mins Flashcards

1
Q

What are the fat soluable vitamins

A

ADEK

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2
Q

primary function of vit a + food sources

A
  • allows for eyes to adjust to changes in light
  • Assists in cell differentiation
  • crutial for sperm production/fertiliztion
  • immune function
  • preformed retinol (beef/chicken/liver/egg yolk)
  • cartenoid precursors (spinach, carrots, mango )
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3
Q

Deficiency of vit a causes

A

Night blindness

xerophthalmia- eye fails to produce tears

impared growth immunity

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4
Q

Vitamin d function, souces, definciency

A
  • regulates calc, bone health
  • salmon, milk, fortified cereals
  • rickets in children
  • Osteoperosis
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5
Q

Vit E function, sources, deficiency

A
  • antioxident, immune function
  • sunflower seeds, almonds, oils

-Anemia, Nerve/mm function

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6
Q

Vit K function, sources, deficiency

A
  • coenzyme (for blood cooagulation)
  • Kale, spinich, turnip

-Impaired blood clotting

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7
Q

Characteristics of water soluble vits

A

A+C complexes

  • Minimal storage
  • toxicity rare
  • deficiency symptoms quick
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8
Q

Thiamin (b1) function, sources, deficiency

A
  • coenzyme for carbs/ aa metabolism
  • pork, fortified cereal

beriberi (affects alcoholics, women)
-fatigue, apathy, decreased mem, confusion

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9
Q

Riboflavin (b2) function, sources, deficiency

A
  • coenzyme for carbs/ aa metabolism
  • beef liver, shrimp, milk, fortified cereals/breads etc
  • ariboflavinosis (cracked lips, tongue redness)
  • swollen mouth/ throat
  • anemia
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10
Q

Niacin function, sources, deficiency

A
  • required for carbs + fat metabolism
  • beef liver, most meats
  • Pellagra (dementia, dermatitis, diahreea)
  • apathy
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11
Q

Pantothenic acid (b5) function, sources

A
  • assists w fat metabolism

- animal meats, mushrooms

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12
Q

Vit b6 function, sources, deficiency

A
  • enzyme cofactor for carb/ aa metabolsm
  • chicpeas, most meats
  • Anemia
  • seborrheic dermatitis
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13
Q

Folate function, sources, deficiency

A
  • enzyme cofactor for aa metabolism
  • fortified cereals, spinach, legumes
  • macrocytic anemia
  • nerual tube defects
  • elevated homeocystein lvls
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14
Q

Cobalamin (b12) function, sources, deficiency

A
  • assists w formation of blood/ DNA/ nervous function
  • Shellfish, meats
  • pernicious anemia
  • nerve damage
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15
Q

Biotin function

A

enzyme cofactor for carb/fat/pro metabolism

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16
Q

Vitamin c (ascorbic acid) function, sources, deficiency

A
  • antioxident
  • regenerates vit e
  • collogen synthesis
  • immune function
  • enhances iron absorbtion
  • sweet peps, citrus fruits, brocc
  • scurvey
17
Q

how many mg/day do you need of the major minerals

A

100mg/day

18
Q

What 3 major minerals all manage fluid balance, acid-base balance, transmission of nerve impulses + mm contractions

A

Sodium, potassium, chloride

19
Q

Phosphorus function, sources, deficiency

A
  • fluid balance, component of ATP
  • Dairy, soy, tofu

-mm weakness, damage etc

20
Q

Calcium function, sources, deficiency

A

Promary component of bone, acid/base balance, nerve impulses

  • dairy products
  • osteoperosis, convulsions, heart failure
21
Q

Magniseum function, sources, deficiency

A
  • mm contraction, component of bone
  • greens, whole grains, seeds, nuts

-low blood calcium, mm spasms, nausea, weekness

22
Q

Sulphur function, sources

A
  • component of certain b vits/ aa

- proteon rich foods

23
Q

How many mg/day do you need of trace minerals

A

<100mg/day

24
Q

Selenium function, sources, deficiency

A

Carb/fat metabolism
-nuts, shellfish, meats, whole graisn

-specific forms of heart disease/arthritis, immune function

25
Q

Fluroide functions, sources, deficiency

A
  • Develipment/maintenance of healthy teeth/bones
  • fish/seafood, legumes, whole grains

-dental cavities, low bone density

26
Q

Iodine functions, souces deficiency

A

synthesis of thyroid horomones
iodized salt

Goitre

27
Q

Chromium function, soruces, def

A

Glucose transport, metabolism of DNA/RNAA
whole grains, yeast

-Elevated blood glu, lipids

28
Q

Maganese function, sources, def

A

Assists in enzyme systems (synthesis of pro in bone)
-Whole grains, nuts

-Impaired growth/reproductive function

29
Q

Iron function, sources, def

A
  • componesnt of hemoglobin/myoglobin
  • meats, fortified cereals etc

-Iron deficiency microcutic, hypochromic anemia

30
Q

Zinc function, sources, def

A
  • Immune
  • enzymes
  • growth + maturaton
  • meats

-growth retardation, delayed sex maturation

31
Q

Copper function sources def

A
  • Enzyme systems
  • Iron transport
  • Shelfish, organ meats
  • Anemia, reduced WBCs
32
Q

Adequate intake of VIt c, d, e, k have been linked w lower risk of

A

C- cataract
D- colon cancer
E- complications of diabetes
K- opeteoperosis

33
Q

Adequate intake of calcium, chromium,magnesium and selenium is associated w lower risk of

A

Calcium- hypertension
chromium- type 2 diabetes
magnesium- mm wasting
Selenium- certain cancers

PH2206 Mod 7 (8 decks)

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