Ch 6: Proteins

Question 1

how many amino acids are essential (must be obtained by diet)

Answer 1

9

Question 2

how many amino acids are nonessential (your body can manufacture them)

Answer 2

11

Question 3

proteins contain

Answer 3

nitrogen

Question 4

how do amino acids build proteins

Answer 4

peptide bonds connect one amino acid

amino acids link into long strand that coil and fold

each type of protein has a distinctive sequence of amino acids

the sequence of amino acids determines the identity of the protein

Question 5

collagen

Answer 5

acts like glue between cells

Question 6

insulin

Answer 6

a hormone that regulates blood glucose

Question 7

enzymes

Answer 7

act on other substances to change them

Question 8

hemoglobin

Answer 8

transport oxygen in red blood cells

Question 9

nutrients greatly influence

Answer 9

genetic expression

Question 10

protein digestion begins in the

Answer 10

stomach

Question 11

where do proteins get denatured and broken into smaller pieces

Answer 11

small intestine

Question 12

protein turnover

Answer 12

breakdown, recovery, and synthesis of proteins

Question 13

functions of proteins

Answer 13

body makes enzymes, hormones, and chemical messengers from amino acids

antibodies are proteins that defend against foreign proteins

proteins transport substances around the body like lipids, minerals, and oxygen

Question 14

proteins help regulate the body’s

Answer 14

electrolytes and fluids

Question 15

food sources of protein

Answer 15

meat poultry fish eggs milk cheese legumes beans lentils peas vegetables and grains

Question 16

DRI recommended protein intake is

Answer 16

.8 gram per kilogram of body weight as minimum

Question 17

mutual supplementation:

Answer 17

2 or more proteins whose amino acids assortments complement each other so that the missing amino acids in one protein are found in the other

Question 18

who needs to be concerned about mutual supplementation

Answer 18

vegans

Question 19

marasmus

Answer 19

extreme food energy deficiency

Question 20

kwashiorkor

Answer 20

the edema and enlarged liver are apparent in a child’s swollen belly

Question 21

recommended energy intake from protein

Answer 21

10-35%